What you need to open a bakery. What is needed to open a bakery and pastry shop? Operating expenses of the bakery

The demand for healthy and tasty pastries among the population will always remain unchanged. And small bakeries can quickly adapt to the needs of their customers. Having your own mini-bakery can be enough and a sought-after enterprise. Its benefits are obvious. Baking is fresh all the time because it is baked often, but in small batches.

Products are distinguished by the most diverse assortment. The quality is increased due to small volumes and constant supervision of the cooking process. With a systematic organization of production and the correct construction and approach to the consumer, such a business can bring solid income and mutual satisfaction to both the buyer and the owner.

The relevance and prospects for the development of such a business

Small mini-bakeries have much more prospects than the largest bakeries. It is easier for them to adapt to market demand and rebuild equipment for any product. It's easier to change recipes. And if you find a good place, pick up knowledgeable assistants and experiment a little with the assortment, then in two months it will be possible to supply already regular customers with fragrant, crispy bread, diet pastries and other delicious confectionery. After all, many people want to buy not just bread, but a healthy and fresh bakery product. For example, from sprouted grain, or from carbonated mineral water without yeast.

To engage in such a business, you need to find a suitable premises, purchase the necessary equipment and select intelligent staff. The main thing is to find an experienced, skillful, technology-savvy baker. Further, if possible, you need to connect advertising, or figure out how to attract customers. Business in mini-bakeries, in small areas, is now especially relevant.

Personal experience of opening a mini-bakery is described in the following video story:

Initial capital and registration of the necessary documentation

In order to open your own bakery, perhaps three hundred thousand rubles will be enough, or you can spend ten million or more.

Main cost items to create a business (per year) in large cities:

1. The cost of rent is nine hundred thousand rubles.
2. Equipment (depending on capacity) - one million two hundred thousand rubles (one-time).
3. To make repairs - one hundred thousand rubles (one-time).
4. Purchase of furniture - three hundred thousand rubles (one-time).
5. Utility bills - two hundred thousand rubles.
6. Payment of wages, up to one and a half million rubles.

Before starting a business, you should formally register as an entrepreneur or establish your own business. For small and medium businesses, there are only two ways: .

Distinctive features:

1. The sole proprietorship will be legally liable and will risk its property, while the LLC will be limited to the size of its investment.
2. you can without the help of a lawyer in three days, the necessary documents: your passport, a notarized copy, an application for registration and a receipt for payment of state duty. And you will need the help of a lawyer to file and process documents. And a mandatory bank account, the presence of its seal.
3. The costs for an individual entrepreneur will be eight hundred rubles, and an LLC - four thousand, plus the costs of a notary.
4. In an individual entrepreneur there is a limitation in some types of activity, and in an LLC there is a limitless scope of activity.
5. Accounting calculations for individual entrepreneurs are not required, but for LLCs they are necessary.
6. Income can be disposed of at your discretion, and in an LLC, proceeds should be distributed no more than once a quarter (payment of interest to community shareholders).
7. An individual entrepreneur is not needed, and an LLC will calculate the minimum wage.
8. Few agree to cooperate with private traders, and even large companies and joint stock communities work with LLCs.
9. It will be difficult and inexpensive to resell a business, and an LLC will do it very quickly and profitably.
10. Powers of attorney from individual entrepreneurs should only be notarized, and this is unprofitable and takes a very long time, and LLCs will be taken everywhere.

You must choose the option that suits you, the vast majority choose IP.

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Documents required to open a bakery

To start this business, you need to prepare the following package of documents:

1. The sanitary and epidemiological decision for production and products is approved at the Rospotrebnadzor institution absolutely free of charge, but only with the results of the examination.
2. Certificate of Conformity - issued by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology.
3. The decision of the fire inspection, on compliance with fire safety requirements.
4. Permits for the supply of equipment, premises, personnel, etc.

Drawing up a business plan

Opening a bakery is a business that will require a lot of investment in the beginning.

Initial Costs will require significant capital investment. This means that before opening a bakery, it is necessary to calculate all the likely costs, risks, possible competitors -.

First, let's look at a sample business plan:

1. First, we deposit 1,135,000 rubles.
2. The monthly income will be 540 thousand rubles.
3. Revenue 58400 rubles.
4. It turns out that such a business can pay off only after two years.

If we imagine this in more detail: let's take, for example, an urban-type settlement with a population of about two hundred thousand people. Here you decided to open a bakery, with an assortment of about ten different types of pastries.

To get started, you need work out competitors. If in the village more emphasis is placed on baking bread, then we will deal with cookies and cakes. It is better to open a business as an individual entrepreneur, but you definitely need to keep accounting records and it is better to hire an experienced accountant.

The business plan includes the mode of operation of the bakery. Since these will mainly be night shifts from 23.00-11.00, you need to draw up a shift schedule. For example, work three in three, or two in two days. The employees involved in the implementation work from 6.00 to 17.00. With a five-day work week and one day off.

Choice of direction

Numerous bakeries, small private workshops, supermarkets, etc. are engaged in the manufacture of bread and other pastries. It will be difficult to compete with them, especially with small initial investments. But this is the case if you are thinking of opening a standard pastry shop or bakery.

And in order not only to stay in this market, but also to invent such a typification of the enterprise, which will turn into a competitive advantage, you can, for example, cut down the range of some products and bake no more than eight items. And all pastries should be unlike the one that is sold in most shops and stalls.

Room preparation

Choosing the right place for a mini-bakery is the components of your success in the future. There should not be other similar establishments near you - these are your competitors. If you are thinking of selling bread directly from the bakery, then the place must be a “walk-through”. And if you confine yourself to production, then it should be comfortable and practical in every respect.

For the location of an elementary set of equipment, an average of 80 square meters will be required. m. area, a lot depends on the range. Some products require special equipment, tables, which means that the area should be larger.

Of course, plumbing, toilet, ventilation, etc. will be needed. There will be a separate storage room for storing raw materials and a separate baking room and packing room.

Equipment preparation

High-quality equipment and highly qualified workers are a prerequisite for a successful process. All equipment is divided into basic and additional. The main elements include: dough mixing machines, dough sheeters, proofers, ovens, refrigerators, flour sifters. Additional items include storage shelves, molds, packaging machines, sinks, scales, knives and more.

For a small mini-bakery you will need the following equipment:

• oven 800,000 rubles;
• dough mixer 280,000 rubles;
• flour sifter 20,000 rubles;
• confectionery table 4,000 rubles;
• electric mixer 4,000 rubles;
• dough proofing equipment 55,000 rubles;
• dough rolling machine 40,000 rubles;
• hood 20,000 rubles;
• blender 3,000 rubles;
• electric stove 25,000 rubles.

The approximate amount will be about a million rubles. You just need to immediately consider what kind of dough you will work with: yeast, biscuit, puff. This will depend on the direction of the equipment needed for the purchase.

Recruitment

Finding staff is not an easy task. After all, the work of a qualified baker is low-paid, but at the same time very difficult. On average, a baker receives up to nine thousand rubles, and a technologist even less, about six thousand per month.

To produce a thousand kilograms of baked goods per day, you will need:

1. production technologist;
2. two bakers;
3. cleaning woman;
4. packer (if necessary);
5. loader;
6. driver;
7. accountant (it is better to take under the contract).

All workers are required to undergo a medical examination (presence of a medical book).

Promotion Methods

When you create a business plan, you need to immediately worry about the implementation. You can open your own store, or you can sell through other commercial outlets, and not necessarily only in the village, you can also outside it. There are some bakeries that quite successfully and successfully cooperate with wholesalers.

They buy pastries and deliver them to tents, stalls, shops. This option is not bad at all, because it will be possible to work without worrying about sales. And you can focus on increasing the range and quality of products.

You can trade "from the wheels", it is much cheaper than renting a store. In the regions, it is much easier to establish trade from a car than, for example, in the capital. Such a van can be rented for a start, and then redeemed. All you need is the permission of the local authorities.

Calculation of payback, profit and expenses

In order for the business to be profitable, you need to do the following work: make your own marketing research of the bakery market, learn the demand, price, volume and assortment of your main competitors. Calculate the main quantities of future production. This is done so that you can get the maximum income from the bakery.

The main factor that will affect your revenue is the cost of the main components. And the quality of the finished product will be affected by: the level of equipment, the technological process, the composition and properties of the ingredients.

We calculate, according to the initial information.

Average price of raw materials for making bread and other products:

1. Premium flour for 1 kg - 13.80 rubles.
2. Flour of the first - 13.40 rubles.
3. Flour of the second - 12.00 rubles.
4. Rye flour - 11.40 rubles.
5. Sugar - 20.40 rubles.
6. Yeast - 30.50 rubles.
7. Salt - 4.60 rubles.
8. Vegetable oil 1 liter - 62.00 rubles.
9. Margarine 1 kg - 44.00 rubles.

The productivity (P) of a bakery that bakes Borodinsky bread (0.9 kg) with one PKhP-6 oven is ninety-six kilograms per hour.

Volumes for the year (GO) 360 days in two shifts, twelve hours each will be: GO \u003d P x 12 x 2 x 360.

The performance of the oven is derived from the following calculation using forms for baking Borodinsky bread (0.9 kg) and a trolley.

GO \u003d 96 x 12 x 2 x 360 \u003d 829,440 kg of bread.

Flour of the second grade 50 kg. Price per kg 12.00 rub. The total cost is 600 rubles.
Rye flour 50 kg. Price 11.50 rubles. The cost is 575 rubles.
Yeast 1.5 kg. Price 29.50 rubles. The cost is 44.25 rubles.
Salt 5 kg. Price 4.50 rubles. The cost is 6.75 rubles.
Bottom line: weight about 150 kg worth 1230.00 rubles.

Output according to this recipe: you get about 150 kg. For 1 kg of products, the costs will be approximately 8.9 rubles.

It is also necessary to take into account the cost of electricity, utility bills and rent. workers at the rate of six people per month will be about eight thousand rubles per person.

As a result of all calculations, the payback of the bakery will be from ten to eighteen months.

• Current trends
• Purpose of the business plan
• Required documents, permits
• Project implementation - choice of premises
• Starting capital for opening
• staffing
• Current expenses

A confectionery bakery is a business that does not know crises; pastries always remain a popular product. Even the economically difficult 2015 showed a slight decrease in demand for bakery and sweet products - pastries. Therefore, we decided to tell you how to open a bakery and pastry shop from scratch in 2019.

Current trends

In Russia, bread and other flour products worth 4 billion dollars are consumed annually. At the same time, the quality of bread often leaves much to be desired, so the consumer is willing to pay for rich and tasty pastries. It can only be offered by a private confectionery-bakery. Large plants cannot 100% satisfy the needs of the market in this part.

In European countries, this niche has long been filled with mini confectionery-bakeries combined with small shops or cozy cafes. In Russia, this concept is only gaining momentum, so the level of competition is not so high. Especially if you open such a business in a small town. Megacities are less attractive in this regard.

You can also open your own bakery at home or use franchises to cut down on your initial investment. To achieve success, the main thing is to provide quality to the consumer, and the choice of business concept depends on the entrepreneur himself, his financial capabilities and plans for its development.

Purpose of the business plan

The calculations below are the foundation for starting and building a business. This is a classic scheme for organizing a small bakery and confectionery, which lists what is needed and how much the essentials cost to start the project. The current prices in 2019 are taken as the basis, allowing novice entrepreneurs to find out how much it will cost to open a turnkey bakery, create a business plan for individual requirements.

The business plan allows you to open a bakery and confectionery with the following economic indicators:

• the cost of 1 kg of products - 60 rubles;
• daily sales - 200–400 kg of bakery, sweet products;
• monthly operating profit - 360,000–720,000;
• net profit - 65,000–366,000 including all expenses and taxes.

The profitability of the business is 50%, the payback period is from 6 months to a year.

We offer to download detailed confectionery bakery business plan with all calculations. We guarantee quality!

Required documents, permits

To open a small pastry bakery from scratch, you need to obtain many permits:

1. Sanitary and epidemiological permit for production. Requirements for the premises will be discussed below.
2. The conclusion of the SES, which is necessary for working with third-party organizations - shops, supermarkets.
3. An environmental review should be carried out.
4. Fire department permit. To receive it, the premises where the bakery and confectionery is located must comply with regulatory industry requirements. The main ones are: the presence of fire alarms and primary fire extinguishing equipment - fire extinguishers.
5. Certificate of Conformity of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology.

The main suppliers of bread to a store or cafe today are large bakeries and factories. It is not easy for mini-bakeries to compete with large enterprises in the production of such standard products as white or brown bread.

However, small bakeries have their own advantages - mobility and the ability to produce small pieces of bread and confectionery. The question of how to open a mini-bakery is relevant.

And even despite the fact that the competition in this niche is quite large, it is quite profitable to open a mini-bakery. Bread baking is very popular, so the profitability of your bakery is quite high - up to 50-60%.

To open your business for the production of bakery products, you will need to go through several stages.

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What you need to successfully open a small bakery

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Registration of a mini-bakery: individual entrepreneur or LLC

The first thing to take care of is the registration of the enterprise. There are two options here: sole proprietorship or LLC. In the event that a person is already an entrepreneur, you need to check if the list of activities that were indicated in the application for registration of an individual entrepreneur has a code that makes it possible to engage in this type of business. Code 55.50 "Activities of restaurants and cafes" allows you to sell pastries at the place of their production, that is, if a person is going to produce and sell products in the same place, this option is suitable. However, for example, if there is a desire to supply products to a store or cafe, you need to add retail trade to the list of codes.

If there is no business partner and is not planned, then you should work as an individual entrepreneur, therefore, if you have a partner, a more suitable option is an LLC.

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Choosing the right bakery space

The choice of legal form is the initial step to be taken. Everything is quite simple here: it is profitable to open your own mini-bakery in a passable place, because the products will be sold to end customers. In big cities, this may be the area near metro stops, shopping and business centers, shops, cafes.

To begin with, you can get by with renting a room, but with a preliminary agreement on the possibility of its subsequent redemption. The rental price will depend on the city and the attractiveness of the location of the bakery. It is worth noting that prices can be completely different. In Moscow, for example, running a mini-bakery costs approximately 250 to 1,000 rubles per square meter.

You should know that in order to open your own small bakery, 150 square meters may be enough. On this area it will be possible to place both a trading floor and an organizational room for production. The cost of such a room can cost about 75,000 rubles a month, or even less.

The cafe or bakery shop will need renovation, so this is a separate part of the cost.

There are some SES requirements for premises where confectionery and bakery products are made that you need to know about:

• availability of cold and hot water, sewerage;
• basements are not allowed;
• ventilation is a must;
• additional premises such as a warehouse and a toilet should be present;
• whitewashed ceilings and tiled walls are required.

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Necessary equipment for the enterprise

It is worth knowing that equipment for a bakery will need two types: commercial and industrial.

For production:

• oven (approximate cost 600,000 rubles);
• proofing cabinet (about 40,000 rubles);
• dough mixing machine (about 250,000 rubles);
• a table for cutting dough (about 40,000 rubles);
• dough sheeter (about 20,000 rubles);
• flour sifter (approximately 9000 rubles);
• baking trolley (about 12,000 rubles).

At the very beginning, it will be possible to get by with the purchase of one unit of each piece of equipment. The presence of one stove will make it possible to produce about 1 ton of flour per day, which is equivalent to 1600 kg of finished products.

It is possible to organize the production of an incomplete cycle, thanks to which it is possible to get rid of kneading the dough. This will allow to focus on baking and selling manufactured products. In this case, the cost of purchasing equipment will be significantly reduced, because only an oven, a heat showcase and a freezer are needed.

The necessary equipment in order to open a store will cost a maximum of 150,000 rubles.

You will need to purchase:

• showcase;
• cash register with subsequent registration in the tax office;
• money box;
• safe for storing cash and valuable documents;
• cabinets for possible storage of products.

Additional costs will be for furniture and household equipment. The average cost of these goods is 30,000 rubles.

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Recruitment of the necessary staff in a bakery cafe or shop

The most important employee in the organization of production is the technologist. In addition to it, you may need:

• bakers who will be engaged in the manufacture of products (the required number is 4 people, that is, 2 for each shift);
• cashiers (recommended 2 people);
• cleaners (the number will depend on the workload, while it is possible to provide for hourly wages);
• an accountant (not always needed, because there is an option to use the services or hire an employee on a part-time basis, which will be much cheaper than maintaining another employee).

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Permits you may need

To produce food products will need special permits. The first thing you need to know is that each employee must have a personal medical book with him. In order to issue it, you will need about 600 rubles. This price includes all the necessary tests. The total cost of all necessary permits will cost a maximum of 60,000 rubles.

List of documents that you need to prepare in order to open a mini-bakery:

• sanitary and epidemiological conclusion for products, which is issued by Rospotrebnadzor based on the results of the examination;
• sanitary and epidemiological conclusion for production, which can be issued free of charge at the same Rospotrebnadzor if the results of the examination are provided;
• Certificate of conformity, which can be obtained from the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology;
• conclusion from the fire inspectorate on compliance with all fire safety requirements.

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Purchase of the necessary raw materials for the bakery

It should be understood that baking is a product that deteriorates quickly enough, because it has a short shelf life. That is why raw materials must be purchased before the start of production itself, there is no need to take it in advance. However, you can take care of drawing up an agreement with suppliers even before registering an enterprise.

The first question that will arise immediately after preparing the premises for the bakery: what to bake bakery products from? It is worth knowing that buns require the highest grade of flour, in extreme cases - the first. In order to calculate the required amount of flour, you need to take into account the fact that the weight of manufactured products will be approximately 30% more than raw materials. This happens by adding other ingredients to the dough. The wholesale cost of flour is approximately 10 rubles per 1 kg.

You should be aware that you will have to spend a lot of time searching for suppliers. This is due to the fact that it is impossible to cooperate directly with flour mills, because they are not interested in the volume of purchases that will be needed for a mini-bakery. It is possible to take only large batches, but this is not necessary, because the flour requires special storage conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the proposals of intermediary firms that provide good conditions for cooperation.

In addition to flour, you will definitely need pressed yeast, sugar, salt, vanillin, vegetable oil, baking powder, stabilizers, thickeners, food additives, and so on. Being interested in how much raw material is needed for 1 ton of white bread, it is worth knowing that the consumption is as follows: 740 kg of flour, 9.6 kg of salt, 7.5 kg of pressed yeast, 1.2 kg of vegetable oil.