Google company. Dossier

Google was founded in March 1996 as a science project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin., Ph.D., Stanford students worked on the Stanford Digital Library Project (SDLP). SDLP was the goal of "Developing forward-looking technologies for a unified, integrated and universal digital library." and funded by the National Science Foundation, among other federal agencies. Looking for a dissertation topic, Page considered, among other things, the study of the mathematical properties of the World Wide Web, representing the structure of links as a huge graph. His supervisor, Terry Winograda, recommended that he choose this idea (which Page later recalled as "the best advice I ever got"), and Page focused on the problem of figuring out which web pages link to a given page by considering the number and the nature of such backlinks in terms of the value of the information on the page (similar to the role of citations in scientific publications). In this scientific project, called "BackRub", he was soon joined by Sergey Brin, a Ph.D. Stanford, supported by the National Science Foundation Alumni Fellowship. Brin was already a close friend of Page, whom he first met in the summer of 1995 in a group of freshmen whom Brin volunteered to tour the campus.

PageRank

The web crawler began indexing the web in March 1996, set up from Page's home page at Stanford. To convert the collected data into the level of importance of a given web page, Brin and Page developed the PageRank algorithm. After analyzing the BackRub results, which consisted of a list of URLs ranked by the number of backlinks to a given URL, they realized that a PageRank based search engine would yield better results than existing search algorithms (existing search engines at the time ranked pages by the number of times the search word appears on the page). A small search engine called "RankDex" from IDD Information Services (a subsidiary of Dow Jones) developed by Robin Lee, since 1996, has already explored a similar page ranking and ranking strategy. RankDex's technology was patented and used later when Li founded Baidu in China.

Initially, the search engine was located on the Stanford website google.stanford.edu. The google.com domain was registered on September 15, 1997.

Brin and Page were opposed to the use of pop-up ads in search results, or the sponsored search results model, and they wrote a research paper in 1998 on the subject while still undergraduates. However, they soon changed their minds and early on allowed the inclusion of simple text ads, which are currently Google's main source of income.

Creation of the Company

Google received its first funding in August 1998 in the form of $100,000 from Andy Bechtolstein, one of the founders of the late Sun Microsystems. Google officially incorporated on September 4, 1998 in a friend's garage in Menlo Park, California.

The name "Google" comes from the word "googol", meaning the number 1 followed by one hundred zeros.. (Although Enid Blyton used the phrase "Google Bun" in The Magic Faraway Tree (published 1943). Increasingly used in everyday language, the verb "to google" was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2006. as denoting "using Google to search the web".

By the end of 1998, Google had indexed about 60 million pages. The homepage still had a "BETA" tag, but an article in Salon.com already claimed that Google's search results were better than other search engines like Hotbot or Excite.com and praised google for more technological innovation than overcrowded portal sites (such as Yahoo!, Excite.com, Lycos, Netscap's Netcenter, AOL.com, Go.com, and MSN.com) that, during the growing dot-com bubble, were seen as the "future of the web", especially by investors stock market.

In March 1999, the company moved to offices at 165 University Avenue in Palo Alto, home to other Silicon Valley tech start-ups. After rapid growth, the company leased the Mountain View building complex at 1600 Amphitheater Parkway from Silicon Graphics (SGI) in 1999. The company has remained at this location ever since and the complex has since become known as the Googleplex (a pun on the Googleplex, a number equal to 1 followed by a googol of zeros). In 2006, Google bought the property from SGI for $319 million.

Google Search is attracting a loyal following among the growing number of Internet users who loved its simple interface. In 2000, Google began selling ads related to search keywords. The advertisement was text-based, without cluttering the page design or reducing its loading speed. Keywords were sold based on a combination of bid price and number of clicks, with prices starting at $0.05 per click. This model of selling keyword advertising was pioneered by Goto.com (later renamed Overture Services before being acquired by Yahoo! and rebranded as Yahoo! Search Marketing). Although many of its competitors failed to break into the new Internet market, Google was quietly rising.

Capitalization

At the beginning of 2003, the famous British company Interbrand declared Google the brand of the year. The search engine managed to bypass Apple and Coca-Cola in this rank. Despite generating huge profits, Google in 2004 was still a private company, with shares owned by a small circle of investor companies, its founders and employees. For further development, it became necessary to withdraw Google Inc. to the stock exchange. It happened in August, when the company's shares appeared on the NASDAQ stock exchange, causing a big stir and making Sergey and Larry billionaires. A little bit later Forbes magazine will name the authors of Google the youngest billionaires on the planet.

To exclude the influence of corporations owning a large block of shares, only shares that did not give their holder the right to vote in the company were sold at the auction. The founders reserved the right to manage the company.

In 2004, Sergey Brin and Lawrence Page were awarded the prestigious Marconi Prize. Prior to that, it was awarded to Tim Berners-Lee, who invented the WWW, Robert Metcalfe, the inventor of Ethernet technology. As you can see, the developments of Sergey and Larry in the field of information technology were highly appreciated, even recognized as revolutionary.

The Times of India website analyzed in 2001 the advantages of Google over other search engines. It turned out that the strengths of Google are the minimal human intervention in the search engine and the constant improvement of the technology used. An important component of the company's success was also the correct positioning in the established market of Internet services throughout its existence. Originally Google Inc. did not consider large portals as its competitors, but saw potential customers in them. Licensing your own search engine to other firms has become a major source of income. And later the company began to increase the number of additional services provided.

Google VS Microsoft

Today Google.com ranks fourth in the list of the most visited sites on the Internet, behind Yahoo!, MSN and AOL. Between these companies began a real war for network users. It is unlikely that search engines from Yahoo! or AOL will be able to compete with Google, but Google’s portal may turn out to be quite competitive. However, time will tell. The real threat to Google now comes from Microsoft, which is working to develop its MSN system, which, of course, will be actively used in the next versions of their operating systems. Steve Ballmer, at a recent meeting with Stanford students, shared his thoughts on the future of Google, giving it a maximum of five years of life, and Bill Gates, at the D3 conference held in Carlsbad, called Google “a bubble that is still afloat.”

The media often quotes the phrase of Sergey Brin: “ Some say that Google is God. Others - that it is Satan himself. But if both think Google is too powerful, let them remember that search engines are just a click away. People come to Google because they choose it. We don't force them».

Today, Google is more than just Internet search. It is also one of the most advanced email services, the world's most popular video service, office web applications, news, and much more. As well as the Android platform on smartphones and communicators. The company continues its development, gaining more and more influence on the Internet every day. No one is going to stop there. Sergey Brin is a rather vain person. In one of his interviews, he noted that if Google is his most notable achievement in life, he will be upset. Well, already now his wife is working in the field of genetics on a social network that will contain the DNA of all people on the planet. Google itself is the world's premier source of information. Bill Gates is not just trying to compete with Google in the Internet search market. He's a smart man, and he understands the impact a company that leads the search for information will have. Gates' problem is that he doesn't understand that such a company already exists - and it's not Microsoft. Google is still a very young company. But already in 6-8 years, perhaps Google will be the largest company in IT, occupying a very important place in the life of every person on the planet. There are some fears about how such an influence would not turn into a catastrophe for all mankind. Let's hope that this does not happen, because the main principle of Google, formulated by Sergey Brin, is: "Do no harm!".

Android operating system for mobile devices.
Google Play is an application server for the Android system.
Gmail is an email client.
GoogleDrive – cloud storage.
Picassa is a photo editing platform.
Blogger is a platform for creating blogs.

The group, which is currently called Alphabet, includes the following companies:

Google Inc. – Internet services, applications, gadgets, etc.
Google Fiber is a broadband Internet access provider.
NestLabs – smart homes and housing technologies.
Calico is a life extension program.

Google Capital is an investment company.
Google Venture is a venture fund.
Google X is a software developer.
Google Verily is a health research center.

In 2014, Google officially became part of Alphabet Inc., which united other assets under its control under the control of the same founders. The merger of all services, projects and subsidiaries was carried out for the purpose of transformation and convenience in management, as well as minimizing the possibility of a raider takeover. As of the end of 2016, Alphabet became the most valuable group in the world. The market capitalization of the company exceeded half a trillion dollars. CEO of Alphabet Inc. Sundar Pichai was appointed. Sergey Brin and Larry Page have retained their rights as CEOs of the conglomerate and own most of the company's shares.

Google/Alphabet shares

By the middle of 2007, the price of Google shares had increased from $85 to $300, in 2013 the price was already over $500, and now at the beginning of 2017, the mark of $850 per share has been reached, which is ten times more than the original value 13 years ago.

Since the reorganization of Alphabet, new shares have been introduced to the exchange, which can be viewed on the GOOG ticker. Old shares under the GOOGL ticker are also available on the exchange. Both types of shares are traded on the NASDAQ exchange. There are currently 515,912,000 shares outstanding.

After the introduction of the ALPHABET concern and the structural reorganization, several types of shares were introduced in the company.

The first type - shares that are traded under the ticker GOOGL, are standard securities that provide the right to vote to its holder and receive standard dividend payments. These shares are referred to as type A.
Type C shares are always slightly cheaper because they are purely speculative and do not provide any voice to their holders. They are also publicly traded and trade under the new ticker symbol GOOG. With such promotions, the company encourages its employees, gives gifts to partners and is calculated as a payment instrument when acquiring startups.
There is also a third type of stock, which is designated type B. They are not listed on the exchange and are an order of magnitude smaller than type A and C stocks combined - only 52 million type B shares have been issued. However, these shares carry the same weight and even a little more, as the total share of all A and C, since they are equal to 10 votes. Shares of this type are concentrated in the hands of the founders Brin and Page in a predominant amount, as well as certain shares in some friends and partners, including Schmidt and Pichai.

Such a division of shares is a protection against raider takeover and transfer of the control package into the hands of one shareholder or a group of shareholders. Thus, Page and Brin retained more than 60% ownership of the company, as well as a decisive voice in all projects.

If a large investor starts buying Type A shares, even if he completes what he started, he will not be able to compete with shareholders who own Type C securities.

In general, stocks of type A and C are quite similar, especially for speculative purposes. Both options are highly liquid, with a daily volume of just over 2 million units and an average earnings per share of $28. That is why most speculators prefer to buy new shares of type C. They have the same properties, are quite liquid and at the same time cost a few dollars less.

Benefits of Google Stock

Investors around the world continue to buy and invest in the company, as the directors and CEOs have proven in practice that they know how to manage such a corporation and know where they are going. Since the company's listing on the stock exchange, the share price has not fallen below the primary mark, and there have also been no significant drawdowns in value. At the same time, quotes continue to grow every year.

Given the thoughtfulness and precaution of the company's owners, you can be sure that there will be no possibility of takeovers or other problems in the company's administration. Active sponsorship of programmers and start-ups, as well as the constant introduction of new projects, ensures a constant increase in the company's profits.

Despite the fact that Google shares are already worth 10 times more than since the IPO, investors and analysts believe that the value will continue to rise further and long-term investments in the company are the right decision anyway.

How to buy Google shares?

To buy Google shares, you need to open a brokerage account with a company that provides brokerage - access to a limited list of US stocks. There are many brokers in the Russian Federation that have such functionality. You can also open an account with an American brokerage company and buy shares directly on the NASDAQ exchange.

In any case, it should be understood that opening an account is a very long and routine procedure, especially in foreign companies. You will need to prepare and submit a lot of documents. You also need to understand that buying Google shares will require an impressive amount of funds, given the high value of the shares.

American transnational a corporation investing in internet search, cloud computing and advertising technology. Google maintains and develops a range of Internet services and products and primarily generates revenue from advertising through its AdWords program. Has more 49,829 employees worldwide.

Google operates more than one million servers in data centers around the world and processes more than one billion search queries and 24 petabytes of user data every day. Six out of ten people online use Googlesearch; Google's rapid growth since its inception has resulted in a large number of products not directly related to the company's main product, the search engine. Google has such online products as the Gmail mail service, the Google+ social network.

Because of Google operates in many areas of the economy, the company operates under great pressure of competition. For example, in the device manufacturing market and OS development, the main competitors are such companies as, Apple, Facebook, Microsoft etc. In the direction of the search engines Yahoo!, Baidu, Bing, Yandex.

II.Key indicators of Goole Inc.

III.History of the creation of Google

Google appeared in January 1996 as a research project Larry Page And Sergei Brin who were then studying at Stanford University in California.

While conventional search engines then sorted search results by the number of times search terms appeared on a page, Page and Brin speculated on a better system that would analyze relationships between sites. They called this new technology PageRank, the relevance of the site in it is determined by the number and importance of pages that link to the site.

The company was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin on September 4, 1998., headquartered in Menlo Park, California, USA. It is believed that the founders of the company received the first check from investors on, and they had to name the company being created that way.

The ad company later stated that it was chosen to show that the search engine wanted to provide people with more information. Google originally operated from the Stanford University website and had a domain google.stanford.edu.

Domain name for Google was registered September 15, 1997, and the company was registered on September 4, 1998. It was located in the garage of a friend of the founders (Susan Wojcicki) in Menlo Park, California. Craig Silverstein, their classmate, was hired as their first employee.

Google- distorted spelling of an English word googol (googol), coined by Milton Sirotta, nephew of the American mathematician Edward Kasner, to denote a number consisting of one and one hundred zeros. The company's stated mission from the outset was "organizing the world's information, making it accessible and useful to all," and the company's unofficial slogan, coined by Google engineer Paul Buckheit: " Don't be evil"(English: Don’t be evil).

IV.Company activities

In addition to the usual search, Google offers a number of services and tools for various needs.

Most of them are web applications that only require the user to have the browser they are running in and an internet connection. This allows you to use data anywhere in the world and not be tied to one computer. The advantages of Google services and tools are the presence of a centralized data warehouse and a well-thought-out interface.

Google services and tools

Google Services

Tools

Chromium is an open source web browser developed by Google and Opera.
Google Chrome- a browser developed by Google based on the free Chromium browser, equipped with a number of non-free elements and components responsible for collecting information about the pages visited.
Google Code- a site for developers interested in developing open source software related to Google products. The site contains source codes and a list of their services with a public API.
Project Hosting- free specialized hosting of GPL projects and other free projects.
Google Pack- an installation package that combines packages of a number of Google products (Google Earth, Picasa, Google Desktop, etc.) and several third-party products (Mozilla Firefox, Adobe Reader, etc.).
Google Deskbar- places Google search on the desktop.
Google Desktop- a search tool on the user's computer. The program is installed locally and indexes email messages, text documents, Microsoft Office documents, discussions from AOL Instant Messanger, web browsing history, PDF documents, music files, images, video files.
Google Earth- a model of the planet Earth, created using satellite images.
picasa is a digital photography software integrated with Google Blogger, Gmail and Google Plus.
hello is an add-on for Picasa that allows you to share your photos with friends without using the website or email. Images are sent directly from one client to another.
Google Toolbar- an extension for Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox browsers, which is a panel of the Google search service and performs a number of additional functions.
Google Web Accelerator- a program that speeds up the browser by caching and pre-downloading information that may be of interest to the user. The program uses proxy servers owned by Google.
Freebase is a large collaborative knowledge base containing metadata collected primarily by the community

Android Wear is a modified lightweight version of the mobile OS designed for wearable electronics: watches, glasses, etc.
Android is an operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers.
Google Chrome OS - Google's Linux-like operating system is designed exclusively for web applications. Works on "Chromebook" and "Chromebox" nettops, the first of which (Samsung Series 3) was released in May 2012.
Google TV is a hardware and software platform for set-top boxes and HDTV based on the Android OS.

Hardware

Google Search Appliance is a hardware/software solution designed for a corporate Internet network. This device periodically scans and indexes documents (up to 500,000 documents in the base model) for search, internal or external corporate websites or other web-accessible resources.
Google Mini- a mini version of the Search Appliance, called Google Mini and designed for small and medium-sized companies. The base device model indexes 100,000 documents. In January 2006, two more models were offered, for 200,000 and 300,000 documents. In addition, a 50,000-document model was announced on March 2, 2006.
Google fiber- Google's project to provide high-speed Internet access. Those. Google becomes a provider.

Google Glass- a headset (or wearable computer, which is somewhat closer to the functional set of the device) for smartphones based on Android and iOS, developed by Google.

Ten Basic Principles

Google LLC.


Type	public company
Exchange listing	NASDAQ: GOOG
Base	4 September
Founders	Sergey Brin And Larry Page
Location	USA USA: Mountain View, California
Key figures	Larry Page - founder Sergey Brin - founder Sundar Pichai - CEO
Industry	Internet
Products	see List of Google services and tools
Equity	▲ $92.137 billion (2017)
turnover	▼ $59.097 billion (2017)
Operating profit	▼ $14.242 billion (2017)
Net profit	▲ $14.842 billion (2017)
Assets	▲ $131.133 billion (2014)
Number of employees	▲ 85,050 (Q1 2018)
Parent company	Alphabet Inc.
Affiliated companies	YouTube, DoubleClick, On2 Technologies, Google Voice, Picnik, Aardvark, AdMob
Website	google.com (English)
Google on Wikimedia Commons

Google operates more than a million servers in data centers around the world and processes more than one billion search queries and 24 petabytes of user data every day. Google's rapid growth since its founding has led to the emergence of a large number of products that are not directly related to the company's main product - the search engine. Google has online products such as the Gmail email service and the Google+ social network. The company also has desktop products such as the Google Chrome browser, the photo program Picasa and the instant messaging program Hangouts. In addition, Google is developing the Android mobile operating system, used on a large number of smartphones, as well as the Google Chrome OS operating system and Google Glass devices. According to Alexa, Google's main site - google.com - is the most visited site on the Internet, and numerous international Google sites (google.co.in, google.co.uk, etc.) are in the top hundred in terms of traffic, as are Several other Google service sites are YouTube, Blogger and Orkut. In May 2011, the number of unique monthly visitors to Google websites exceeded 1 billion for the first time.

According to BrandZ, Google is the most powerful brand in the world, and according to Brand-Finance, the most valuable brand in the world in 2011. In 2011, Google was recognized as the company with the best reputation in the United States, ahead of Microsoft, Sony and other companies. The dominant position of Google's services in the market has led to criticism of the company over issues of privacy, copyright and censorship.

On April 23, 2018, 118 out of 1002 known IP addresses used by Google services were blocked in Russia. The domains google.com, google.ru, YouTube services, reCAPTCHA and AdSense have become unavailable to users in different parts of Russia.

Story

Management

In July 2001, at the invitation of the company's founders, Eric Schmidt took over the positions of Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Google.

On April 4, 2011, Larry Page became chief executive officer. Eric Schmidt remains chairman of the board of directors of Google.

As of June 20, 2010, Page, Brin and Eric Schmidt owned approximately 91% of the Class B shares, which collectively provide holders with 68% of the voting rights. The triumvirate has a decisive influence in resolving all issues within the competence of shareholders.

In 2015, as a result of Google's reorganization and the creation of the Alphabet holding company, Sundar Pichai became the CEO of the company.

Shareholders

Corporate culture

In 2013, Google topped Fortune's list of the top 100 employers in the United States for the fourth time.

Google had a 20 percent program whereby engineers can spend 20% of their time on projects that are not part of their job responsibilities, however, since 2011, the company has embarked on the path of becoming maximum efficiency, and abandoned this program.

Hiring

When hiring new employees, among other things, their ability to work in the existing corporate culture, in particular in a flat organizational structure and a rapidly changing environment, is assessed. A successful candidate must have talent, creativity and passion, be ethical, open and be able to impress even without a business suit.

Millions of resumes submitted online are first processed automatically, identifying those who could potentially fit the company.

In an effort to attract talent, the company hosts a Google Code Jam tournament among college students. At this tournament, programmers compete in solving problems against the clock. The 15 finalists are invited to Google headquarters for the final round.

In January 2018, former technologist James Damore filed a lawsuit in court accusing Google of discriminating against employees on the basis of skin color and political views. James Damore himself was fired after making allegations of gender inequality.

Project "Oxygen"

Google conducted a massive study over the course of two years, dubbed Project Oxygen, to develop its own model of a good leader. As a result, in March 2011, the following essential qualities of a good leader were published by Google:

Services and tools

Charity

In 2004, Google created a non-profit charitable offshoot - Google.org (Google Foundation), with a start-up capital of about $ 1 billion. The main activities of this organization are to inform society and contribute to solving problems in the areas of climate change, global health and poverty. One of his first projects is work in the field of hybrid and electric vehicles.

In 2007, Google became a sponsor and active participant in several gay pride parades in San Francisco, New York, Dublin and Madrid.

In 2008, Google introduced the "10^100 project" in which everyone can submit ideas and then jointly choose one that will change the world and help as many people as possible. At the start of voting, over 150,000 ideas were submitted by people from 170 countries. 16 groups of ideas took part in the voting, from which up to 5 were selected, to help in the implementation of which Google allocated 10 million dollars.

Google and society

Violation of the right to privacy

For the first time, problems in connection with the violation of human rights at Google began in 2005. Images of the roof of the American White House were used in the creation of Google Earth maps, which poses a threat to the national security of the United States. The American public was deeply outraged that would-be terrorists were given a chance to take a closer look at the White House's rooftop security systems.

The next high-profile scandal associated with Google was a lawsuit against this company by the American Boring family from Pennsylvania. In 2008, the Borings accused Google of violating their privacy. Images of the couple's home and swimming pool were used to create Google Street View's global urban virtual maps. The Borings immediately sued and demanded $25,000 from Google in compensation for moral damages. However, their first claim was not satisfied. However, the litigation continued, and by court order in 2010, the Borings received $1 compensation from the company. However, Google representatives said: "Unfortunately, absolute privacy does not exist in the modern world, because there are images from satellites that film everything, ignoring the signs "private area"". However, the company's specialists can remove images from their server if they are asked to do so in private.

Google was also opposed by the American National Legal and Policy Center (NLPC). As evidence of a violation of private rights by the service, the members of the center provided information about one of the leaders of Google, collected using the company's services in less than half an hour - images of his house, numbers of cars parked near him, the name of a company engaged in landscaping his territory, and even the name of a security company , whose clients are his neighbors.

Due to the large number of claims against the company, Eric Schmidt stated in 2009: “If you don’t want anyone to find out unnecessary information about you, then first of all, don’t do anything reprehensible. […] In fact, search engines, including Google, retain this information for some time.We are all subject to the authorities of the United States, so there may be a situation in which we will have to disclose information to authorities.

In 2010, a new scandal related to Google received a great public outcry. It became known that while working on the Street View service, the company scanned the IP addresses and passwords of citizens. While filming the streets and squares of different cities from special vehicles equipped with video cameras, Google specialists also scanned the signal of Wi-Fi wireless networks. As a result, the company received passwords and other confidential information necessary to enter the e-mail of individuals and legal entities. Google representatives agreed that they made a big mistake, thus violating the right to privacy, and apologized. However, they stated that they were not aware of the problem before the German authorities approached them with claims in this regard. Google specialists assured that the received information of a private nature was not used in the search engine.

In the summer of 2013, thanks to former American intelligence officer Edward Snowden, it became known that the American government was paying Google, Yahoo, Microsoft and Facebook millions of dollars for disclosing information about Internet users (as part of the PRISM program). The costs, according to the documents, were covered by a division of the National Security Agency known as the Special Sources Division. In response, Google's chief lawyer, David Drummond, published an open letter on the company's blog addressed to the US Attorney General and the Director of the FBI, in which he asked for permission to publish detailed information about government requests, including requests based on the Surveillance Act, in a regular transparency report. over the activities of foreign intelligence services (FISA). According to Drummond, responses to these requests did not provide the US government with direct access to user data.

Currently, Google is seriously criticized for human rights violations associated with the implementation of the Google Glass project. Wearing Google glasses is already prohibited in American movie theaters, casinos and strip clubs. Their owners fear that visitors wearing such glasses will record what is happening on video. In addition, the decision to ban glasses may soon be made by American banks and park directorates. Google representatives have not yet commented on this situation.

On August 5, 2014, Google informed US law enforcement agencies that one of the users of its subsidiary mail service Gmail had stored pornographic photographs of children, after which the user was arrested.

Participation in the affairs of foreign states

Some Google experts took part in the events of the Arab Spring, advocating for democratic values and the protection of human rights. Thus, Google's marketing director for the Middle East and North Africa, Wail Ghonim, advocated the overthrow of the Hosni Mubarak regime in Egypt during the unrest in the country in 2011. He created a page on the social network Facebook, where he condemned the violence against Egyptian citizens by the ruling government and coordinated the actions of the demonstrators. Ghonim described the Egyptian protest movement as a "Facebook revolution" and noted that the Internet played an extremely important role in it.

In addition, shortly after the events of the Arab Spring, Google representatives announced that they were working to facilitate access to the company's information and products in the Middle East and North Africa. In this regard, the American company's goal is to provide access to even more of its products in Arabic. In 2011, the company launched an Arabic version of Google Voice and Google+ and featured two museums located in Qatar (the Museum of Islamic Art and the Mathaf Arab Museum of Contemporary Art) in the +Art Project, and in 2012 invited the President of Tunisia to speak via the Google+ Hangout On video broadcasting service. Air. Google also has serious complaints against the Chinese leadership in connection with attempts to limit the access of Chinese citizens to information on the Internet.

To google

Due to the popularity of the search engine, a neologism has appeared in the English language to google or to Google(an analogue in Russian computer slang - google), used to refer to searching for information on the Internet using Google. It is with this definition that the verb is included in the most authoritative dictionaries of the English language -

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Even 20 years ago it was still difficult to imagine that computers would become so firmly entrenched in the everyday life of every person.

Work, relax, communicate - all this can be done using a device with Internet access. And being on the World Wide Web and not knowing what Google is is the same as living in Paris and missing the Eiffel Tower.

Advanced search technologies and a huge number of useful services have made this company the true king of the Internet.

Who do you need to be to conquer the world? For some, this will require an army of well-trained soldiers, and for others, beauty. But nowadays more and more people are gaining recognition and respect for their intelligence.

Many biographies of famous personalities contain descriptions of ordinary guys who started creating in their own garage. All they had initially were brains with bright ideas.

The history of Google began with precisely these young people who were ready to work hard to bring their plans to life:

The path from zero to billions

There is a deep domestic trace in the formation and development of Google. The talented mathematician Sergei Brin, who emigrated to the United States at the age of five, was at the very beginning of the company and still manages it today:

To understand the amazing transformation from “nothing” to a giant at the forefront of modern technology, it is necessary to note the most important stages in the development of Google.

1995 Sergey Brin volunteered to give a tour of Stanford University to students, one of whom was Larry Page. The student and the “tour guide” immediately began to argue about everything in the world, which became the basis for further strong friendship and the same cooperation;
1996 Development of a search system, the operation of which was based on PageRank technology, the essence of which is the ranking of sites depending on the link juice obtained using backlinks. This technology was a real revolution, since previously the main criterion for search engines was the number of keywords on a resource page;
1997 Google has found its name. It’s simply impossible to imagine how much information there is on the World Wide Web, so Sergey and Larry decided to choose as the name the number that is closest to “ it's impossible to imagine how much". A googol is a hundred zeros added to one. The spelling of the word was slightly corrected for euphony;
August 1998. The only question Andy Bechtolsteim (one of the founders of Sun) was: " In whose name should the check be written?? One hundred thousand dollars went to the account of the not yet born Google Inc;
September 1998. The company moves to its first office - a garage. There are already 3 employees on the staff.
February 1999. The company already has 8 people and rents an office in Palo Alto.
September 1999. Move to own building located in Mountain View.
year 2000. Google signs an agreement with Yahoo, becoming the main provider of information search services and the largest search engine in the world.
year 2001. The company expanded its influence in South America. The search engine's index includes 3 billion documents.
2002 A new office opens in Sydney.
2003 Google buys Pyra Labs, whose best-known technology was Blogger.
2004 The main office moves to a new building, the number of employees has increased to 800 people. Google goes public for the first time, offering its shares on NASDAQ. Larry Page and Sergey Brin become billionaires.

In the future, things at Google went better and better, and today it is already impossible to imagine using the Internet without the popular services that the company developed.

Services we can't live without

Throughout its existence, Google wasted no time. The company has developed a huge number of useful services, the most popular of which should at least be listed:

Google+ is a social network launched in 2011. A distinctive feature is the Google Circles system:

Google Docs is a service that allows you to create text documents, spreadsheets and presentations. Data can be saved in cloud storage;
Google Drive is a virtual drive on which you can store up to 15 GB of your own information and access it from anywhere in the world:

AdSense - contextual advertising that is automatically placed according to the subject of the page;
Analytics is a tool for developers and SEO optimizers. Provides detailed statistics on the operation of a web resource:

Gmail – email;
Maps - geographical maps with which you can easily calculate the route to your destination:

News – news generated from the headlines of the most popular publications in the world. The composition of categories is displayed according to user preferences;
Play – game application store;
Picasa is a service that allows you to work with images.

Your personal browser

One of the company's outstanding achievements was the creation of the Google Chrome browser, which immediately proved to be competitive in a market where, it would seem, there could be no rivalry.