Presentation on the topic "the beginning of human history." The beginning of human history What scared wild animals

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Slide text: History - the science of the past The first historian Stages of human development Primitive history Australopithecus Homo habilis Pithecanthropus Neanderthal Cro-Magnon Tools Mastery of fire Culture

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Slide text: 1. A person doing excavations. 2. An institution that collects, stores and displays historical objects. 3. The institution where the documents are stored. 4. An item on display in a museum. 5. Table with a list of all days of the year. 6. Science that studies the past of mankind. 7. Business paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A r c h e o l o g o g M u e u e ar c h i v e x p o n a t i o n C a l d e n d a r y HISTORY o c u m e n t

Slide text: He is called the “father of history.” Almost two and a half thousand years have passed since a Greek named Herodotus first introduced people to his scientific work. He called his work "History"

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Slide text: 5 thousand BC e. 5th century AD 15th century AD 1900 3.5 million years ago

Slide text: Why is the most ancient era in human history called primitive?

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Slide text: Archaeological excavations indicate that the first people appeared in eastern Africa. WHY? Here the Englishman Evans discovered the remains of Australopithecus (southern man), who lived about 5 million years ago

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Slide text: Australopithecines - (3 million years ago) southern monkeys, the bones of which were first discovered in the Kalahari Desert (South Africa) in 1924. Australopithecines are considered to be all bipedal monkeys, with a brain volume of up to 880 cm³. They were little different from animals. They ate carrion and dug up roots. They could move in a straightened state, hold a stone or a stick in their hands.

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Slide text: Find the distinctive features of Australopithecus from modern humans

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Slide text: By what signs can one determine that this is an australopithecus?

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Slide text: Scientists call the ancient people who used tools Homo habilis - “handy man” - 2.5 million years ago. Their appearance has changed greatly - the volume of the skull has increased, the front jaw has decreased, and the hair on the body has disappeared. They couldn't speak yet. Signals were given by shouts and gestures.

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Slide text: Over time, ancient people changed the location of their homes. If australopithecines lived in trees (Why?), then habilis began to build homes on their own. Sometimes they drove wild animals out of caves and settled them. People lived in herds. Why?

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Slide text: Pitheca antropus (“Javanese man”, ape-man, “upright man”) - about 400-600 thousand years ago. He learned to make tools from stone - scrapers, choppers, chisels. I started using fire and cooking food on fire. Used collective hunting.

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Slide text: By what signs can one determine that this is a Pithecanthropus?

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Slide text: NEANDERTHAL - “reasonable man”, Homo sapiens. Skeletal remains of Neanderthals have been discovered in Europe, Asia and Africa. Time of existence 250 thousand years ago. They improved the tools of Pithecanthropus, wore clothes made of skins and knew how to build simple dwellings, and learned to make fire. They began to bury the dead and take care of the younger and weaker.

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Slide text: By what signs can one determine that these are Neanderthals?

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Slide text: Cro-Magnon man - 40 thousand years ago. The volume of the brain is 1200-1500 cm³. Height is about 180 cm. They lived in communities of 15-30 people and for the first time in history they created settlements. The dwellings were caves, tents made of skins, and dugouts are found in Eastern Europe. They spoke speech, made stone and bone tools, and painted on the walls.

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Slide text: By what signs can one determine that these are Cro-Magnons?

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Slide text: He had developed articulate speech, built houses, dressed in clothes made from skins, and pottery was developed. They lived in a tribal society, began to domesticate animals and engage in farming. Numerous finds indicate the presence of a cult of hunting. The animal figures were pierced with arrows, thus killing the animal. The Cro-Magnon man knew how not only to engrave and draw on a plane, but also learned to convey three-dimensional images. The Cro-Magnons had funeral rites. Household items, food, and jewelry were placed in the grave. The dead were sprinkled with blood-red ochre, they put nets on their hair, bracelets on their hands, flat stones were placed on their faces, and they were buried in a bent position (the knees touched the chin).

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Slide text: Fishing hooks

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Slide text: Who did what?

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Slide text: Initially, people took fire from trees that caught fire after being struck by lightning. It was strictly monitored, and if the fire went out, the culprits were expelled. This method of producing fire was very unreliable and people began to look for how to get a flame without depending on nature.

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Slide text: The use of fire changed people's lives. Why? The most important consequence was the consumption of boiled or fried food. This led to a sharp jump in human mental development. In a short time, after mastering fire, ancient man acquired a modern appearance.

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Slide text: Choose the correct answer The ancient people who lived in South Africa were called First, the ancient people lived... The ancient people got the first fire... Pithecanthropus Homo habilis Australopithecus in trees in caves in huts hitting stones by rubbing sticks from forest fires

PRESENTATION "THE BEGINNING OF HUMAN HISTORY"

Performed:

primary school teacher

MBOU Buturlinovskaya Secondary School

Ustimenko Yu.A.

Ancient Greek historian Herodotus

Almost 2.5 thousand years ago, a Greek scientist named Herodotus first introduced people to his scientific work, which he called “HISTORY”

HUMAN HISTORY:

Primitive history

Ancient world history

History of the Middle Ages

History of modern times

History of modern times

PRIMITIVE WORLD

Today in class we Let's talk about the Ancient World, About the life of our distant ancestors, Let's talk about their way of life.

How they lived in stone caves And they went after the prey. And in the evenings by the fire They were cutting a stick for a spear.

Fruits and roots were collected They caught fish for food How they protected and took care of Holy fire from trouble!

PRIMITIVE WORLD

In the distant stone age A man lived in a cave. He got his own food And the hearth was protected from the beast.

Every day he went hunting, he sewed clothes from the skin. And in the evening by the fire Repairing the tip of a spear. Collected roots and fruits And the fire protected from harm.

Ancient people (Neanderthals) lived not only in areas with a warm climate, but also in harsh conditions. Ancient people knew how to not only maintain, but also make fire. In warm climates, they settled along river banks, under rock overhangs.

In the cold - in caves that were conquered from cave bears, lions, hyenas. The cave in which the fire was burning reliably protected both from the cold and from attacks by predatory animals.

LIFE OF PRIMITIVE PEOPLE

Ancient man was engaged in hunting, gathering, farming, fishing, and keeping fire.

Stone is the basis of all human culture.

A spark flew out of the stone, which ignited a bright flame that led man out of the darkness of primitive times.

The stone was man's first assistant and the first symbol of his power, his first working tool and a formidable weapon.

With the help of stone, man began to conquer the world.

Find the distinctive features of primitive man from more modern man.

A man who lived forty thousand years ago

A man who lived about a million years ago

PRIMITIVE MAN CHANGED OVER THE CENTURIES

Man differs from animals: straightening of the figure, enlargement of the brain matter, reduction of the facial region, development of movements and individual fingers, unification of human ancestors into a primitive society, thinking.

This process is called humanization.

The emergence of people of the modern physical type (Homo sapiens), who replaced ancient people, occurred relatively recently, about 50 thousand years ago. Fossil remains of modern humans were discovered in Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. Several skeletons of people of this type were discovered in the Cro-Magnon Grotto in France. Modern humans are called Cro-Magnons based on the location where fossils were found. In our country, unique discoveries of these people were made around Voronezh and Vladimir.

DRAWINGS OF ANCIENT MAN

SECRET RITE IN THE CAVE

THE HUNT OF PRIMITIVE MAN

LET'S SUM UP

1) Where did ancient people settle?

2) What animals did they conquer caves from?

3) What scared the wild animals away?

4) When does a person become a person?

5) What are people of the modern physical type called?

6) What were the first tools made of?

• The continent on which the first sites were discovered

ancient people?

• A hunting tool that appeared among the very first species

ancient people.

• Divide people's occupations into 2 groups: gathering,

hunting, farming, crafts, fishing, keeping fire,

trade, cattle breeding. Select the activities of ancient people

What is history? History is a science that studies how different peoples lived, what events took place in their lives, how and why people’s lives changed and became the way they are now. History is a science that studies how different peoples lived, what events took place in their lives, how and why people’s lives changed and became the way they are now.

“Father of History” History translated from Greek means “research, a story about the events of the past.” History translated from Greek means “research, a story about the events of the past.” Almost 2.5 years ago, a Greek named Geradot first introduced people to his scientific work “History” Almost 2.5 years ago a Greek named Geradot first introduced people to his scientific work “History”

The earliest man The most ancient man looked like a large ape. The earliest man looked like a large ape. The man's arms hung down to his knees, and he could perform simple actions with them. The man's arms hung down to his knees, and he could perform simple actions with them.

The most ancient man The foreheads were low and sloping. The foreheads were low and sloping. Their brains were larger than those of apes, but smaller than those of modern humans. Their brains were larger than those of apes, but smaller than those of modern humans. The ancient man could not speak; he made abrupt sounds. The ancient man could not speak; he made abrupt sounds.

“Ancient Man” - Polis community. ARISTOTLE “Man is for the polis, not the polis for man.” Corporeal-mental abstraction is part of the cosmos. Personalization. Images of the world and man in antiquity. Community-tribal structures. Protecting the interests of an individual (individual). Mixed form of government = ancient ideal + +.

"Ancient Man" - Sudan. The earliest man was very similar to a monkey. 2. The most ancient tools. Lesson plan. In a word, animal-like features predominated in the appearance of ancient people. For example, in East Africa. People's gait was not yet completely straight, it was jumping. People didn't know how to talk yet. 3. How did the most ancient people hunt?

“Ancient civilizations” - Establish a connection between the properties of metals and the culture of ancient civilizations. Bronze. The production of iron products was mastered. Objectives of the work: The benefits of metal both in ancient civilizations and in the modern world. Among the Egyptians, Assyrians, Phoenicians, and Etruscans, bronze casting reached significant development.

“Ancient World” - Gou NPO RME “Professional Lyceum No. 23”. Purpose of the lesson: Test yourself. Bronze Age. Assyria. Main stages of the lesson: Iron Age. Palestine. Ancient civilizations of Western Asia: Mesopotamia. Check sheet. Terms: PRIMITIVE MAGIC Animism Totemism Fetishism Taboo. Babylon. Phoenicia. Lesson. Periods of primitive history: Stone Age.

“Primitive people” - Neanderthal tools. 300-40 thousand years ago. Rock painting. 30 thousand years ago and later. Based on the remains of skulls, bones, tools, excavations of ancient dwellings. Hunting of Neanderthals. Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon. Australopithecus - Lucy. 3-4 million years ago. Neanderthals - life in a cave. 300-40 thousand years ago.

"Shamans" - Hat. Rock paintings of shamans. Clothes of shamans of different nations. Mallets. Suspension. Drawings of shamans. Necklace. Shaman's jacket. Bib. Work on the NQF history. Drawings on a tambourine. Chire is a shaman's cane. Mallet. Shoes. Tambourine.

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