Purpose of land plots types of st. DNP and SNT - what is it and how does it stand for? Agricultural land in SNT and DNP

The type and purpose of a land plot largely determine the possibilities for its use. When choosing a site to build your own home, you should carefully check its history and current status. Let's consider the types of plots that the population encounters most often, and also find out what SNT and DNP land are.

individual housing construction

This abbreviation is familiar to almost everyone - individual housing construction. The status of “plot for individual housing construction” is given to lands within the boundaries of any settlements that are intended for the construction of residential buildings.

The advantages of individual housing construction are obvious:

Possibility of construction and registration of ownership of residential buildings;
Assigning an address to a building and free registration;
Availability of state and local programs for connecting utility networks to individual housing construction sites;
A full range of legal options in relation to the site (purchase and sale, lease, inheritance).

A plot for individual housing construction is optimal for private development, because that is exactly what it is intended for.

SNT

How does SNT stand for? This is the site of the Gardening Non-Profit Partnership, that is, an association of amateur gardeners. Such plots are usually located outside the boundaries of a populated area on agricultural lands.

This is their main advantage - these areas can be used for economic activities. In addition, their cost is significantly lower than the price of plots for individual housing construction.

On the other side:

These plots are not intended for the construction of residential buildings. You can build it there, but you won’t be able to register it according to all the rules and get an address with registration.
Communications are provided entirely at the expense of the customer.
Regardless of the type and size of the house built on the SNT site, it will be designed as a “country house”, which will significantly reduce its market value.
If there is a residential building on the site, it will be difficult to carry out any transactions with it.

DNP

This is the site of the Dacha Non-Profit Partnership. Almost the same as the SNT section, but with some nuances. If the dacha partnership is located within the boundaries of a populated area, then, in terms of its properties, the DNP site is practically comparable to the site for individual housing construction. This mainly happened thanks to the so-called “dacha amnesty”.

Theoretically, the DNP plot is not intended for housing construction and has all the disadvantages of gardening partnership plots. However, it will be easier to register a house built here than on the SNT site.

In general, DNP lands are optimal for gardening activities.

Conclusion

We have examined the terms SNT and DNP, deciphering which will now not cause you any difficulties. Let’s summarize how individual housing construction differs from SNT and DNP:

The individual housing construction plot is directly intended for housing construction. These are areas where you can easily register a house, get an address for it, register, etc.
Sites for individual housing construction, accordingly, must have proper infrastructure, that is, the state takes upon itself the issues of connecting utilities (at least in theory).
The plots on the territory of SNT and DNP are not designed for the construction of residential buildings, which leads to a lot of technical and legal difficulties if it is necessary to officially register the housing built there. Including, there may be problems with the supply of electricity, water and gas.

Most people, in addition to city apartments, also own garden plots. And for some, the latter are the only property. Today, for the high-quality management of several plots, a garden non-profit partnership is being created. What is it?

History of the emergence of SNT. Decoding the concept

The term “garden partnership” appeared in the 20s of the last century. Even at that time, such associations were considered organizations that managed lands.

Among the characteristic features of these organizations were the following:

Members of the partnership not only made payments for utilities, but also contributed funds for general construction.
Plots with an area of no more than 6-8 acres were provided.
The area of the house should have an area of no more than 15% of the total area of the site.

The Land Code, put into effect back in 1991, prohibits the use of any land by gardening partnerships other than those classified as general use. And in 1998, the Federal Law “On gardening, gardening and dacha non-profit associations of citizens” was published. He transformed all such associations into SNT.

The latest changes were made to this law in 2011. They were the ones who gave the definition of SNT. This is a non-profit organization established by citizens voluntarily and independently. The main goal of the organization is the need to solve economic and some social problems together.

Organization of SNT

The organization of a garden partnership has a number of features:

The area under SNT is allocated from the category of land having common use.
The plots allocated from the fund can be used for gardening and horticulture. In the future, they can become the property of representatives of the gardening partnership.

Features of SNT as a legal entity

SNT- a legally responsible organization that has obligations to government agencies. Today, legislation relating to SNT is not sufficiently spelled out. And as a result of differences in interpretations, conflict situations often arise.

Therefore, the specifics of conducting SNT activities should be regulated by the partnerships themselves.

They enter into the following types of contracts:

Supply agreement energy,
Garbage removal agreement from all areas included in SNT.

Such services are paid for from general contributions made by all participants of this association.

The main document of SNT is the charter, which is registered in a certain way. The SNT consists of at least 3 people. Registration is carried out according to the same rules and principles that establish the requirements for registering an organization.

For this reason, the charter of an HOA must be drawn up in accordance with the same standards as the charter of any other company.

It contains the following data:

Name.
Contact details and address.
Legal form.
Acceptable quantity members.
Volumes territories.
Legal form.
Procedure and types of application contributions.
Range of rights and responsibilities SNT members.
Management structure.

The following types of contributions are distinguished:

Target.
Opening.
Membership.
Share.
Additional.

Note! To resolve financial issues, the founders of SNT are required to open a current account. Receipts with details are printed for members of the partnership.

The following governing bodies are distinguished:

Chairman of the SNT,
Meeting of authorized representatives
General meeting.

Features of SNT budget formation

This structure does not have the right to purposefully engage in commercial activities.

This is a non-profit association that has the following features:

Property is property partnership.
Targeted contributions are directed towards the creation or acquisition some types of property.
Money is directed only to those purposes, which are assigned to the partnership.
A fund is being formed arising from contributions and additional income from business activities.

Procedure for holding SNT meetings

In accordance with the legislative acts in force in our country, general regulations for SNT meetings are established.

They can be carried out in the following ways:

In person. In this case, all members of the SNT must be present in person.
In absentia. In this case, members of the SNT receive written notifications of the decisions made.

Issues such as cost and income estimates, as well as the selection of the chairman or members of the board are discussed in person. There are not only scheduled, but also unscheduled meetings.

Chairman of SNT

Due to the fact that SNT is a legal entity, it is necessary to select one person to represent its interests. He must not only understand the intricacies of the law, but also take responsibility for the organization.

He receives the position of chairman, who is elected by open vote. As a rule, a good chairman is not only a responsible, but also an initiative person.

Advantages of purchasing a plot of land from a gardening partnership

The owner of the plot can erect a residential building on it, if the relevant standards are met.
You can register in your home as in place of residence.
No special permit is required to build or put a house into operation.

At the moment, the majority choose sites located in SNT. Plots are becoming more expensive, and the cost of land in SNT is lower compared to individual housing construction.

Differences between dachas in SNT and a cottage community

Agricultural land is allocated for the organization of SNT. And on lands that have a permitted use “for individual housing construction,” cottage communities are usually built. This places increased demands not only on approvals and documentation, but also on planning decisions.
Individual housing construction is guaranteed to have a developed infrastructure. You will not have problems with medical care and the need for a mailing address.
There is also a difference regarding the form of management. For example, all the main points are decided by general voting.
Advantages of SNT: it has relatively low contributions. And the management of the cottage community is carried out by a company that requires large investments due to a wider range of services.
The owners of the village in SNT enjoy greater freedom when choosing building materials and an individual project. And in individual housing construction, increased demands are placed not only on the resources used, but also on projects.

Disadvantages of living in SNT

With all the advantages of SNT, living in it has some negative aspects:

Underdeveloped infrastructure. Usually, electricity is supplied to the villages. At the same time, gas is supplied too rarely. And there are practically no medical centers, schools, kindergartens, or good shops nearby.
Here There are rarely quality roads.
On the territory of most SNT there is rarely a sewerage system.
If SNT was organized a long time ago, all communication systems and roads may be worn out. And to overcome inertia, an initiative group will be required.

When purchasing a plot of land in SNT, take into account its features, advantages and some disadvantages. And only after this can the final decision be made.

When considering issues related to the legal registration of land plots, incomprehensible terms often appear. Let's figure it out: private household plots, individual housing construction, SNT, DNP - what is it.

Modern legislation gives citizens the right to acquire ownership of various land plots. But not every selected area can be used for the purposes you have defined. You need to decide what the state will allow you to do on it. And this depends on its location and purpose.

Differences in land according to purpose

The Land Code of the Russian Federation divides all lands according to their intended purpose into seven types:

for populated areas;
agricultural;
protected areas;
for industrial facilities and industry;
water fund;
lands in reserve;
forest fund.

In addition to the intended purpose assigned to them, the lands have a type of permitted use officially established for a specific site.

There are more than three thousand types of permitted use of land in Russia. Each such type determines what activities are permitted on that land.

For agricultural land, permitted uses may be:

garden residential buildings;
for agricultural production;
for gardening;
for running a farm (peasant) economy.

For lands within populated areas:

blocked residential buildings;
for the construction of dachas;
for individual housing construction.

When purchasing a plot of land, you need to take into account all your requests, determine what it is needed for, whether there will be buildings on it, and what status is required of them. Based on this, its permitted type of use should be selected.

The purpose of a piece of land may be as follows:

dacha non-profit partnership, abbreviated as DNP;
gardening non-profit partnership, abbreviated as SNT;
personal subsidiary plot, abbreviated as personal subsidiary plot;
individual housing construction, abbreviated as individual housing construction.

Lands of dacha and garden non-profit partnerships can only be located on agricultural lands, however, the placement of DNP plots, according to recent changes in legislation, has become possible on lands inside the settlement. Plots for individual housing construction must certainly be within the boundaries of residential settlements.

Each type of permitted use has its own advantages and disadvantages.

The concept of SNT

SNT is a gardening non-profit partnership.

On SNT lands it is allowed to grow agricultural crops and place buildings necessary for their processing and storage.

If desired, such land plots in a garden non-profit partnership can be used to build a house.

Advantages of using SNT land:

the cost of the plot is much lower than the cost of the plot of individual housing construction land;
the lands are located outside the city, in rural areas;
The plot can be used without building a house.

Disadvantages of using land in SNT:

in practice, it is difficult to register your property in a country house built on SNT lands;
SNT plots, as a rule, have a small area - 6-15 acres;
the price of real estate on these lands will be low, regardless of the size and quality of the house built, it will be a country house;
all arrangement and supply of communications should be carried out by the owner of the site, and not by local authorities;
the need to pay membership fees to the partnership;
Financial organizations agree with great difficulty to use SNT lands as collateral.

SNT lands are located in picturesque and ecologically clean areas. The difference in their cost is often determined only by the convenience of location and available communications.

DNP - what is it?

DNP is a dacha non-profit partnership.

DNP lands are intended for the operation of a garden or small vegetable garden or for the construction of a country house.

The legislation allows the placement of DNP plots on lands inside settlements, so in fact in this they are similar to individual housing construction lands.

Advantages of using DNP lands:

their cost is lower than the cost of individual housing construction land;
if the lands of the DNP fall within the boundaries of the settlement, then it is easier to obtain registration in them than in the SNT;
To put a built house into operation, technical expertise is not required.

Disadvantages of using DNP lands:

due to the fact that the lands of the DNP still have an agricultural purpose, the presence of a garden or vegetable garden on them is mandatory;
The specificity of DNP land is that the presence of a house for living on it is as necessary as the presence of a garden.

Pros and cons of private household plots

Private subsidiary plot – personal subsidiary plot. Private household plots are essentially agricultural land.

The main difference between private plots and individual housing construction and SNT lands is that they are located both outside populated areas - field land plots, and inside them - personal land plots.

The field plot of private household plot land can only be used for growing agricultural products. The construction of any objects on it is prohibited.

In addition to growing crops, a personal plot of private plot of land can also be used for the construction of industrial, household and residential buildings on it. At the same time, all rules and regulations for their placement are observed.

Advantages of using private plot land:

if the site is located in a populated area, it can be transferred to individual housing construction land;
the preferential tax rate on such lands is less than 0.3% of the cadastral value of the site.

Disadvantages of using private household plot land:

in modern legislation there is no concept of private household plots, which can lead to additional difficulties;
Registration of ownership of private household plot land located outside the boundaries of settlements depends on what decision is made by local authorities, who have the right to prohibit the construction of buildings on it.

What is individual housing construction

Individual housing construction – individual housing construction.

Individual housing construction lands compare favorably with DNP and SNT - they are allowed to be used for the construction of permanent residential buildings.

Advantages of using individual housing construction land:

presence of a postal address;
it is easy to register in a house built on private housing construction land;
local authorities are obliged to provide individual housing construction sites with all the necessary infrastructure;
The plot can be used as collateral.

Disadvantages of using individual housing construction land:

the area of the site is clearly limited;
a house construction project must be coordinated with many services and organizations, and construction permits must be obtained;

The cost of such lands is the highest compared to others, since they are located within residential settlements.

Which is better: SNT or individual housing construction

Selection of land for land use

For land use purposes, it is most profitable to acquire SNT land. They are attractive due to their low cost and the ability to use the entire area for growing crops.

An SNT plot can be purchased in two ways:

direct purchase from the owner;
joining a gardening partnership with subsequent privatization of the land.

Having become the owner of such a plot of land, you can already build a residential building on it.

Choosing land for living

For permanent residence, it is preferable to purchase individual housing construction land.
Despite the higher cost of the site, such a step will provide a more profitable investment.

Individual housing construction lands become more expensive every year than others, and later they can be sold for more than their original cost.

The choice of the type of land plot depends on whether you are going to build a house or grow agricultural products, that is, on what purpose it had before purchasing.

Careful study of land documents will allow you to avoid fatal mistakes that can prevent your dreams from coming true.

In the video: Differences between the lands of SNT, DNP, DNT...

When choosing land for building a residential building, a critical condition is belonging of the site to a certain category of land .

Suitable for this:

Settlement lands
Agricultural land.

SNT is a gardening non-profit partnership. One of the land categories, sections of which can only be located on agricultural lands

There are also two more categories of land:

DNP— dacha non-profit partnership
individual housing construction is a category of land intended for individual housing construction.

Each of the following categories has a type of permitted use of land - individual housing construction, DNP or SNT. SNT plots can only be located on agricultural lands, individual housing construction on settlement lands, and DNP on both.

SNT - all the pros and cons

Both garden partnerships and dacha partnerships are located on agricultural lands, therefore, the difference between them is hardly perceptible. But there is a difference in price between them - the cadastral fee for SNT plots is usually higher than for DNP. This is explained by the location of SNT lands in more picturesque places and the presence of more developed infrastructure.

Pros:

low cost;
the same as on the lands of the DNP, there is no need to create a project and its verification by authorities;
as a rule, sections of SNT are located in picturesque places, often on the banks of rivers and reservoirs;
low tax rate.

Minuses:

complex process of registering in a house(identical to the section in the DNP);
impossibility of obtaining a mortgage on the plot.

There are the following categories of land:

agricultural purposes;
settlements;
industrial purposes (energy, television, communications, etc.);
reserved;
reserve lands and others.

What is individual housing construction?

Individual housing construction plots - pros and cons

There is an opinion that plots with the designated purpose of “individual housing construction” are the best option. But, the acquisition of such land carries both advantages and certain disadvantages.

Pros:

Minuses:

since individual housing construction lands are in great demand and have many advantages, their price is higher than for other types of plots;
before building a house on an individual housing construction site necessary agree on the project, obtain permits from the relevant authorities. The structure must comply with SNiPs and GOSTs. In some regions of the Russian Federation this is quite problematic. For example, the area of the city of Sochi is a protected area, therefore, registering a residential building in this region will be more difficult (for example, an autonomous sewage system must be created using a certain environmentally friendly technology, and so on);
there are restrictions on the size of the land plot. Regional legislation sets the minimum and maximum permitted size. For example, in the Republic of Tatarstan, a mandatory condition for registering a house is a plot area greater than 4 acres;
high tax rate. Having owned a plot of individual housing construction, the taxation percentage will be one and a half percent of its cadastral value. The rate for individual housing construction plots is significantly higher than the rate for SNT and DNP.

What is DNP?

DNP is a dacha non-profit partnership.

Advantages and disadvantages of a site in the DNP

Advantages:

a significant advantage of land in DNP is noticeable price difference compared to individual housing construction plots. The cadastral value of plots in the DNP is on average 30-50% lower. Despite the fact that geographically the areas may be located close to each other;
no need to draw up a house project, as well as the lack of inspections by various authorities;
being the owner of a plot in a dacha non-profit partnership, the owner has voting rights at meetings conducted by the partnership. Can influence important decisions and make suggestions;
low tax rate.

Flaws:

DNP sections, according to their intended purpose, not intended for year-round use, which means they do not imply the presence of communications. Therefore, connecting city electricity and gas supply will be problematic and financially costly;
It is possible to register at a DNP site; for this you will need to go to court, and this process will take much longer than registration on an individual housing construction site;
membership in the DPP requires annual contributions- payment for the use of summer electricity, water for irrigation, and other needs of the partnership. As a rule, these amounts are quite small, hardly reaching several thousand rubles a year;
when purchasing a DNP plot with a mortgage, the probability of receiving a loan is close to zero. It is also almost impossible to get a loan from a bank using such a plot as collateral.

What do you need to know about the sections of individual housing construction, DNP and SNT?

individual housing construction- category of land intended for individual housing construction.
DNP– dacha non-profit partnership.
SNT- gardening non-profit partnership.

Each type of land has certain advantages and disadvantages. The price of individual housing construction plots is not unreasonably different from the other two. Purchasing a more expensive plot presupposes the presence of developed infrastructure, walking distance to the city, as well as the availability of communications. The only serious “minus” is the need for “paperwork” in the process of registering a house and obtaining permits.

At first sight, the advantages of purchasing individual housing construction plots are obvious. But in recent years, the lands of SNT and DNP have been actively developed. The massive popularization of cottage villages has led to the active development of land in gardening societies and partnerships.

The situation today is such that the bureaucratic difficulties associated with registering a house and registering in it on agricultural lands are gradually becoming a thing of the past. Every year this process becomes easier.

Over the past few years, more and more new legislative norms have appeared regulating this issue, making the process of registering a house and registering in it on agricultural plots simpler. The “dacha amnesty” has also been extended, according to which significantly less effort, time and costs are required to obtain documents for an existing house.

The lower cadastral value of SNT and DNP plots is explained by difficulties in the registration procedure, lack of communications, and the remoteness of the plots from the city.

Having chosen one of these types of plots, the algorithm of actions for registration is as follows:

registration of cadastral passport on house;
registration of a built house in the Declaration (as a rule, the house is initially assigned the status of “non-residential”);
petition for requalification of the house and assignment of residential status. If the request is satisfied, you can safely complete registration and registration. Otherwise, proceed to the next step;
contacting the BTI with a request to assign a technical passport to the house;
filing an application with the court with a request to assign the house the status of “residential”. The likelihood of a satisfactory court decision, if you have a technical passport from the BTI, is quite high.

Having made a choice in favor of purchasing SNT or DNP plots, you must verify the legality of the partnership or company.

Because the possibility of registering a house and registering in it directly depends on this.

From the point of view of the monetary side of the issue, the most low-cost acquisition would be a plot of land in a dacha non-profit partnership. But such a site will require significant financial investments - laying a road to the site, installing communications, and so on.

27 July, 2011 - 08:17

Gardening partnerships originate from the Soviet Union. Then it was possible to get a plot of land and a house for use only by joining a team of lovers of country life. Those days are long gone, but land plots in ST still make up a significant portion of the total suburban market. The concept " gardening partnership

After the approval of the new Land Code, STs could own only public lands (Article 66 of the RSFSR Land Code of 1991). In 1998 Federal Law No. 66-FZ “On horticultural, gardening and dacha non-profit associations of citizens” appeared, which spelled out the possibility of creating a new form of legal entity - a horticultural non-profit partnership (SNT). Previously existing associations of gardeners were to be reorganized into it (Article 53 of the Federal Law 66?FZ). According to Anton Antipov, head of the Sretensky office of the country real estate department of the company, it is unorganized cottage development in SNT that forms the basis of the country market, accounting for about 75% of its total volume.

The principle of self-government

One of the main differences between SNT and cottage villages is the category of land plots. “STs are usually located on agricultural lands. Despite the fact that the most common type of permitted land use in the Moscow region is for dacha construction, settlements in such territories belong to the lowest hierarchical level. When houses are built on the lands of settlements with a permitted type of use for individual housing construction, it is much more reliable for the buyer. Fundamentally different requirements apply here in terms of compliance with SNiPs. They're pretty tough. For example, this applies to the construction of roads (at least 6 m along main highways, a certain turning angle, etc.) and the laying of communications (must be central). By purchasing a plot on such lands, the buyer can be sure that the developer has passed all project approvals. Accordingly, in these villages a qualitatively different standard of living is guaranteed,” explains Evgeniy Kopylov, commercial director of the Integra development group.

Indeed, municipalities must provide individual housing construction lands with the necessary infrastructure according to social standards: roads, transport, schools and hospitals. The settlements located here are included in the district's address register, which is very important for all emergency services. “The owner of housing in such a settlement receives all social services, for example, medical care, mail delivery to a given address, etc. There is also a local police officer there. The following point is also very important: a house built according to individual housing construction standards is endowed with the inviolability of the home, that is, in order to enter it, even representatives of the police and other law enforcement agencies will need a properly executed warrant. If the home is located in SNT or a village for dacha construction, then a warrant is not required,” says Vladimir Yakhotov, managing partner of MIEL - Country Real Estate.

And in a house built on settlement lands, it is easier to solve the problem of permanent registration. “In addition, the risks associated with possible changes in land legislation are significantly less if the house is located on the territory included within the boundaries of the settlement,” adds Lyudmila Ezhova, executive director of the Terra-Real Estate company.

Another important difference between SNT is the form of management: all issues are resolved collectively, by voting, usually at a general meeting. This option has its advantages and disadvantages. The first and main advantage is that all members of the partnership participate in decision making. The second advantage is the relatively low monthly fees. The cottage community is most often managed by a company that has to be paid. In addition, the range of services here is much wider, and their quality is better, which means their cost is higher.

It should be noted that in many modern holiday villages non-profit associations have been created for the development and maintenance of facilities. Experts named the dacha non-profit partnership (DNP) as the most popular form. Among the projects where the DNP was organized are “Silver Horseshoe” (Novokashirskoye Highway, 15 km), “Lesnaya Polyana” (Dmitrovskoye Highway, 45 km), “Morozov” (Leningradskoye Highway, 18 km), etc. The activities of the DNP, as well as the SNT, are regulated by the norms of the Federal Law of April 15, 1998 No. 66-FZ “On horticultural, gardening and dacha non-profit associations of citizens.”

Experts noted that, although the law does not clearly differentiate non-profit associations, the main difference between DNP and SNT is that the first provides for the construction of a country house, while the second involves the development of a vegetable garden on one’s own plot without mandatory construction. However, both forms are based on the same principle - self-government.

More comfort, less freedom

Both in organized cottage settlements and in STs, the freedom of residents is limited primarily by the current legislation, emphasizes L. Ezhova. There are general rules: no one can build a house close to a neighbor’s fence, block a common road, independently seize public territory, or violate the rights of neighbors by any other actions.

However, as practice shows, there are still more restrictions in cottage villages than in ST. Maxim Leshchev, general director of the Geo Development company, notes that SNT began to be created in the middle of the last century, when construction had different principles, conditions and opportunities, and only then laws were adopted that established modern standards.

“In a cottage village, the planting of a house is usually regulated depending on the material in accordance with the general plan and SNiPs in force in the Russian Federation. The house is built in accordance with the placement of communication systems, fire safety standards and regulations, the cardinal directions of the site, its topography, the location of the “red line”, and the division of the site into functional zones,” explains Valery Mishchenko, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Kaskad Family.

In many cottage villages that have a single architectural concept, there are restrictions on materials and construction style. Before it begins, the owner of the site is obliged to agree on the design of the house with the management company (or choose an option from those proposed by the developer himself) - this, as a rule, is included in the terms of the contract. In a village with brick plastered houses in a classical style, it is unlikely that they will be allowed to build a log hut or a Gothic castle with loopholes. They may also limit the height and appearance of fences, the location of parking spaces, the orientation of the façade in relation to the main street, etc. However, there are many villages where residents are not limited by anything except town planning norms and rules.

Another advantage of dacha and garden construction (compared to the construction of a permanent house on individual housing construction land) is that it does not require a special permit (Clause 17, Article 51 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation), as well as permission to put houses into operation.

Communication problems

There is also a difference in the approach to organizing communications and infrastructure. “On the territory of the created territorial stations, as a rule, they offer only a minimum of services. Having concluded the contract, the buyer will find that light is supplied to the site, and in rare cases, gas. You shouldn't count on good roads and access to the house. You will most likely have to go to a neighboring village to buy groceries. And there may not be a school or kindergarten nearby at all,” notes A. Antipov. It happens that when selling a plot of land, SNT names the permissible figure for electrical voltage, for example 10 kW, which is often not officially confirmed. “Therefore, the documents must indicate how much power is allocated to the site, otherwise there is a risk of receiving only 2 - 3 kW. This is not enough even for a small country house,” warns A. Antipov. If we go with the commercial option, the cost of connection will cost 20–30 thousand dollars/kW.

It is also difficult to solve problems with roads. “If you have a proactive leader of the initiative group, you can try to achieve the construction of a road to SNT, but it is simply impossible to do this alone,” says E. Kopylov.

In old SNT roads and infrastructure, even if they have been created, have been in need of repair for a long time. In a modern village, the quality of communications meets today's standards. The issue is usually resolved centrally: electrical power is allocated, main gas is installed, there is a central water supply and sewerage system, and often our own treatment facilities. Of course, there are exceptions - and gas can be connected to the ST. However, some cottage communities still offer septic tanks instead of sewer systems.

Another difficulty that may arise when purchasing a plot in ST is social heterogeneity. “There are cases when plots were sold due to the constant emotional stress of the residents. The owner, having built a good-quality brick cottage, found himself surrounded by rickety houses, broken fences and under the constant disapproving glances of his neighbors. For some this is a trifle, but others will feel uncomfortable in such conditions,” explains E. Kopylov.

Price and design

Purchasing a plot of land in SNT has its own characteristics. For example, members of many partnerships still own shares of the common land rather than their own. In this case, it is possible to obtain ownership of the plot only by carrying out land surveying.

If the plot in SNT was registered in accordance with all the rules (there is a cadastral passport and a certificate of ownership, all documents are available), and the land is sold by the owner himself, then the process is no different from buying a plot in a cottage village. But, as L. Ezhova clarifies, in the latter case, clients are often offered additional services for registering the transfer of rights, and the buyer can save his time. “In addition, purchasing land in a cottage community is much more transparent: the contract reflects the full cost, and private individuals who sell land in ST are not always interested in this. Sometimes the documents indicate a reduced price or registration occurs through a gift agreement,” notes E. Kopylov.

According to the general opinion of experts, the main factor influencing prices is territorial. Historically, SNTs are located in picturesque, environmentally friendly old dacha areas; the cost of land here is sometimes very high. A forest plot in a populated SNT is usually more expensive than in a cottage community in an open field. For example, a house in SNT "Rosinka", located in the forest on the 14th km of Novorizhskoye Highway, is sold for about 2.5 million dollars, and a property with similar characteristics in the neighboring village of Chistye Prudy - 2 can be bought cheaper - for 1.6 million dollars. There is another example: the cost of 1 hectare of land in the cottage village Lesnye Zori (Novorizhskoe highway, 22 km) is currently about 45 thousand dollars, while in SNT “Lesnoy”, located at approximately the same distance from Moscow in this direction, it is much lower - about 30 thousand dollars.

OPINION

Marina Krasnobaeva,
Lawyer at Yukov, Khrenov and Partners:

“SNT is a legal entity created in the form of a non-profit organization and pursuing very specific statutory goals: assisting citizens in exercising their rights to gardening, landscaping a garden or summer cottage, etc. The main feature is that, according to the law, from the lands of a special fund SNT can be allocated plots for gardening, which are then transferred into the ownership of members of garden associations. True, for a long time the law in this regard did not work at all. Then they announced the so-called dacha amnesty, which simplifies the acquisition of land plots by citizens if they occupy it for a certain time. In fact, there was no simplification. The process turned out to be very complicated and formalized, and only a few were able to take advantage of the reform; the rest registered and are registering plots in the general manner.

Cottage villages are not a legal category, which in no way means the association of cottage owners into any organization and their implementation of joint activities. The acquisition of ownership of a land plot in cottage villages does not have any special features compared to the general procedure.”