Presentation "South Korea". Presentation on the topic "South Korea" History of South Korea presentation

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Republic of Korea: population

Population 48 million 500 thousand people.

• 84% are city residents

The vast majority are ethnic Koreans.

Permanently resident foreign citizens make up 1% of the population.

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Republic of Korea: natural resources

South Korea is quite rich in natural resources. The country has reserves of coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, copper, manganese, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, silver, graphite, kaolin, talc, limestone, monazite and thorium.

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Republic of Korea: economics

South Korea produces 32% of all mobile phones in the world

In 2009, South Korea, for the first time in half a century of development of its nuclear industry, became the third country exporting experimental nuclear reactors after Argentina and Russia. The cost of the future contract to supply a nuclear reactor to Jordan will be 200 billion won.

The world's largest ship manufacturer (45% market share). There is great demand in China for Korean goods, especially cars.

South Korea's economy as of 2009 is the 13th largest in the world in terms of gross domestic product. Gross national product per capita rose from US$100 in 1963 to over US$20,000 in 2005.

• 32% of world production
• 45% of world production

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Republic of Korea: GDP

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Republic of Korea: employment

The employment structure in the Republic of Korea has undergone significant changes since the early 1960s. The country began industrialization. In 1960, 63% of the country's labor force was employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing. However, by 2009, the share of employment in these industries fell sharply to 7.9%. And the share of people employed in the service sector, on the contrary, from the 1960 figure of 28.3% increased in 2009 to 73.5%.

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Republic of Korea: budget

Main items of state budget expenditures:

• education - 21.1%
• defense - 16.8%
• social security - 10.5%
• transport and communications - 9.0%
• maintaining public order - 5.9%

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Republic of Korea: industry

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Republic of Korea: agriculture

Main crops: rice, corn, potatoes, soybeans.

In livestock farming: pig farming, poultry farming.

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Republic of Korea: service sector

The service sector primarily includes insurance companies, catering establishments serving Korean cuisine, hotels, laundries, saunas, medical and sports institutions, enterprises operating in the entertainment, retail trade, etc.

The service sector has become dominant in the country's economy, and now accounts for two-thirds of total GDP.

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Republic of Korea: appropriations

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Republic of Korea: international cooperation

Membership in international organizations - UN, APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum), Asian Development Bank, EBRD, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Interpol, OSCE (partner), UNESCO, World Trade Organization, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, etc. .d.

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Republic of Korea: international economic integration

The Republic of Korea takes an active part in international economic integration. This can be evidenced by membership in organizations such as the WTO, World Bank, EBRD and others; country's import and export indicators.

But South Korea does not intend to stop there: the European Union has agreed to conclude a free trade agreement with South Korea. This will be the first such agreement between the EU and Asian countries. Belgian Foreign Minister Steven Vanackere hailed the agreement as "the most ambitious in history." According to him, this is “a very big step towards opening up Asian markets for European companies.”

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Republic of Korea: international trade

• Exports - $355.1 billion (2009)
• Export partners: China 21.5%, USA 10.9%, Japan 6.6%.
• Imports - $313.4 billion (2009)
• Import partners: China 17.7%, Japan 14%, USA 8.9%, Saudi Arabia 7.8%.

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Republic of Korea: financial system

The foundations of the modern financial system in South Korea were laid in the early 1950s, when a number of regulations were adopted to regulate the activities of the banking system.

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Republic of Korea: political and legal environment

The Constitution of South Korea is the basic law of the country. It was adopted on July 17, 1948, and revised for the last time in 1987. Constitution Day on July 17 is considered a national holiday, but is not a day off.

According to Article 119, the government's objectives are to ensure sustainable and balanced growth of the economy, "proper distribution of income" and prevent "misuse of economic power." Article 125 defines foreign trade as a strategic area of ​​the economy controlled by the state.

The Constitution also provides for the right to work, the existence of a minimum wage and the provision of acceptable working conditions. Workers are allowed to form trade unions and independent associations.

According to the Constitution, South Korea is a democratic state that provides the population with civil rights and freedoms. Citizens cannot be punished or forced to work except in cases provided for by law. Those arrested and detained, as well as members of their families, have the right to know the reason for their detention.

Official language: Korean.

The head of state is a popularly elected president who heads the State Council.

Parliament is a unicameral National Assembly (273 deputies).

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Republic of Korea: culture

Korea has an ancient, rich culture. Architecture has a long history. The oldest and most remarkable of the monuments of Korean architecture is Gyeongbokgung Palace in Seoul (“palace of sunshine and happiness”), built in 1394.

Korean Holidays

• March 1 - Independence Movement Day
• July 17 - Constitution Day
• August 15 - Liberation Day
• October 3 - State Formation Day

The Korean martial art of taekwondo has spread throughout the world.

Korean cinema is famous, with directors such as Kim Gideok, Park Chan-wook and others.

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Republic of Korea: education

Koreans traditionally attach great importance to education as the main way of personal self-realization, as well as a means of achieving social status. Schools in their modern form appeared in the country in the 1880s. After the creation of the Republic of Korea in 1948, the country's government began to form a modern education system. In 1953, compulsory six-year primary education was introduced. Today, the Republic of Korea has achieved one of the highest literacy rates in the world. It is common knowledge that the high level of education of the population of the Republic of Korea has been a major factor in the rapid economic growth that the country has achieved over the past thirty years.

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Republic of Korea: religion

The main religions are traditional Buddhism and Christianity, which has recently entered the country. Both of these movements were strongly influenced by Confucianism, as well as shamanism, which was the main religion of the common people of Korea. Christians make up 27.3% of the population, and Buddhists make up 25.3%. Followers of other religions make up about 2.5% of the religious population.

About 45% of the country's residents are not adherents of any religion.

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Republic of Korea: sports

South Korea has some traditional sports, most notably martial arts such as Taekwondo, Hapkido and Pun Ryu Son Do. However, sports from Western countries are more developed. The most popular sports are mountaineering, football, baseball, basketball, swimming, athletics and boxing, and figure skating.

South Korea is considered the founder of e-sports - video game sports. The Starcraft game has gained enormous popularity in the country, becoming an element of national culture.

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Republic of Korea: results

The Republic of Korea has rapidly integrated into the global economy since the onset of the crisis in 1997. The government has proposed a new development model that includes raising the quality of business practices to world standards, developing human resources and technology, and improving the efficiency of institutional structures.

The length and extent of the economic recovery will depend largely on the pace of corporate sector restructuring, the extent to which Korean families can adjust to reduced job security, and the degree of investor confidence in the Republic of Korea. The government remains firmly committed to reform and intends to continue to pursue restructuring in the financial and corporate sectors, while implementing flexible macroeconomic policies that support economic growth.

The Republic of Korea's goal is to solve problems rooted in the past and create an economic system consistent with the developed economy of the 21st century.

Korea Korea is a geographical area, civilization and state that was once united, but is now divided into North Korea and South Korea. Both Koreas are located on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. The Korean Peninsula borders China in the northwest, Russia in the northeast, and Japan across the sea strait in the southeast.

The Republic of Korea occupies the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, protruding 1,100 kilometers from the main part of Asia. From the west, the peninsula is washed by the Yellow Sea, from the east by the Sea of ​​Japan, and from the south by the Korea Strait and the East China Sea. The total area of ​​the country is 38 square kilometers. The landscape is predominantly mountainous, with plains occupying only 30% of the territory. There are about 3,000 islands off the coast, mostly small and uninhabited. The largest island is Jeju. The climate is monsoonal, summers are hot and humid, winters are relatively cold and dry. Annual precipitation varies from 1,370 millimeters in Seoul to 1,470 millimeters in Busan.

Date of independence - August 15, 1945 (from Japan) Date of independence Official language - Korean Official language Capital - Seoul Capital Largest city - Seoul Largest city Form of government - Presidential Republic Form of government President - Lee Myung-bak Prime Minister - Han Seung-soo Territory: Total km² % of water surface – 0.3% (107th in the world) Population Total people. (2007) Density - 480 people/km² (25th in the world) Territory Population GDP Total $999.369 billion (2008) Per capita $ (14th in the world) GDP Currency - South Korean won Currency

History of foundation and development The history of South Korea begins with the Soviet-American agreement in the late summer of 1945 on the division of spheres of influence on the peninsula. According to this agreement, the part of Korea south of the 38th parallel came under the jurisdiction of the United States, while the northern part came under the jurisdiction of the Soviet Union. Since its founding, South Korea has come a long way in the development of its economy and culture. In the 1960s, the country was one of the poorest in the region, but now it is a developed industrial state. Since the 1990s, Korean music, television dramas and cinema have become increasingly popular in other countries around the world.

Parliament of South Korea South Korea has a unicameral National Assembly (299 seats). 243 deputies are elected according to a majoritarian system with a relative majority of votes in single-member constituencies, 46 according to national party lists with a 5 percent barrier. The term of parliamentary office is 4 years. Parliamentary elections began to be held. Until 1988, elections were held under significant restrictions on democratic freedoms by South Korean presidents Park Chung-hee and, later, Chun Doo-hwan. In 1988, the first free parliamentary elections were held.

Administrative division South Korea is divided into 1 city of special status (Teukpyeolsi), 6 cities of direct subordination (“metropolitan cities”) with a status equivalent to provinces (Gwangyeoksi) and 9 provinces (to). They, in turn, are divided into a number of smaller entities, including: city (si), county (kun), district (ku), large district (yp), village (myeon), district (ton) and microdistrict (ri) .

Natural resources South Korea produces coal, tungsten, graphite, molybdenum, lead. coal tungsten graphite molybdenum lead Land use: arable land: 21% grassland: 1% forested areas: 65% other: 13% (1993 est.) Irrigated land: km² (1993, estimate.)

Economy of South Korea Advantages: the world's largest ship manufacturer (45% market share). Stable budget surplus, because Korean exports prevailed over Japanese ones due to the high exchange rate of the yen. There is great demand in China for Korean goods, especially cars. Weaknesses: High debt and sensitivity to international capital movements. Since 1997, a growing labor movement. Strong competition from Japan.

Industry In the 1940s, the country's economy relied primarily on agriculture and light industry. Over the next few decades, the emphasis shifted towards light industry and consumer goods production, and in the 70s and 80s of the 20th century towards heavy industry. In the 30 years after President Park Chung-hee announced the start of the first Five-Year Plan in 1962, the country's economy grew at a very high rate, and the structure of the economy itself changed greatly.

Population Koreans make up the absolute majority of the country's population (excluding a small (100 thousand) Chinese minority, especially those who came to the country from outside China, Hong Kong and Macau, that is, from Japan, Malaysia, India and the Philippines). Many workers are from China, Philippines and Malaysia. In large cities, especially Seoul, foreigners work in the fields of business and education. An American military contingent of one man is present.

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

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SOUTH KOREA SOUTH KOREA Completed by geography teacher of gymnasium No. 2 in Kazan Kurbangalieva Enzhe Mukharlyamovna. 2015

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Capital - Seoul Coat of arms of the Republic of Korea Flag of the Republic of Korea Life expectancy: Average: 77.04 years men: 73.61 years women: 80.75 years (2006, estimate)

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TERRITORY The territory of the Korean Peninsula extends south of the northeastern tip of Eurasia. From North to South it stretches for 1000 km, and from West to East at its narrowest point its width is 216 km. More than 70% of the country's territory is covered by mountains, making Korea one of the most mountainous regions in the world. The mountain range, which runs the entire length of the eastern coast, descends steeply into the Eastern Sea. The mountain ranges along the southern and western coasts gradually transition into the coastal plains, where the bulk of agricultural products, primarily rice, are produced.

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POPULATION Population Population - 48.7 million people. 26th place in the world. Population density 476 people. per 1 sq. km. 3rd place in the world. The majority of the population living in the country is Korean (99%). By religion, the population is divided into Buddhists (40%), Confucians (20%), Protestants (17%) and Catholics. The official language is Korean. Koreans are warm and hospitable, and also very hardworking. The working population makes up more than 55%, 52% are employed in the service sector, 27% of the working population is employed in industry, and 21% are employed in agriculture.

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GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION Governmental structure Korea is a parliamentary republic. The head of state is the president. He is the head of state and supreme commander of the Armed Forces. He is elected by universal suffrage. Multiparty political system. The current constitution of the Republic of Korea was adopted by a national referendum on October 27, 1987. The Republic of Korea is divided into 9 provinces, 6 metropolitan cities and 1 city of special status (Seoul). The national flower of Korea is the mugunghwa flower. The symbolic meaning of the flower comes from the name of the root “mugun” - immortality. This word accurately expresses the tenacity and conviction of the Korean nation.

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Park Geun-hye - 11th President of the Republic of Korea Elected President of the Republic of Korea in the 2012 elections, took office on February 25, 2013.

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GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE Nature The climate is temperate, monsoonal, in the south - subtropical. Fauna: among the representatives of the country's fauna one can note the tiger, leopard, bear, lynx, the number of which has recently sharply decreased due to deforestation and poaching. Flora: the country is dominated by mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests with a predominance of pine, spruce, maple, poplar, elm, and Korean fir. To the south they are replaced by evergreen subtropical forests. Coastal zones are characterized by laurel, evergreen oak, and bamboo thickets.

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NATURAL RESOURCES Natural Resources South Korea is a relatively mineral-poor country. Its energy resources include small reserves of coal, uranium and hydro resources. In South Korea, coal, tungsten, graphite, molybdenum, and lead are mined. Land use: arable land: 21% pasture: 1% forested areas: 65% other: 13% Irrigated land: 13,350 km²

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ECONOMY South Korea is a country with a highly developed economy, 12th in the world in terms of GDP. High-tech mechanical engineering and electronics are developed. South Korea is a world leader in shipbuilding and the semiconductor industry, second in mobile phone production, fifth in automobile production, and sixth in the global steel industry.

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Trade relations with Western countries include economic partnerships primarily with the United States and the European Union. The United States is South Korea's main economic partner. In addition, South Korea ranks seventh on the list of US trading partners, ahead of many developed European countries such as Italy and France, and sixth on the list of US importing countries. At the beginning of 2001, the parties signed a number of bilateral trade agreements.

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INDUSTRY Largest industries electronics manufacturing shipbuilding automotive industry Semiconductor industry Textile industry

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(1.) Electronics production Currently, South Korea ranks one of the first places in the world in the production of consumer electronics. Now in the country, as well as throughout the world, there is a trend towards digital technology, which increases the demand for products such as digital TVs, DVDs, portable digital audio players, etc. The largest companies in the industry are LG, Samsung and Daewoo Electronics. They produce almost the entire range of consumer electronics, most of which are exported. Consumer electronics production amounted to $17.6 billion in 2002, exports amounted to $11 billion

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(2.) SHIPBUILDING (SHIPBUILDING) Shipbuilding includes the design, repair and conversion of all types of ships and vessels. South Korean shipbuilding is currently one of the key industries and a basic factor in its development, as it pushes forward related industries - metallurgy, chemical industry, electronics, etc. The largest shipyard in the world, Hyundai Heavy Industries, is huge. Tankers, bulk carriers or container ships transport the largest cargoes and these sea giants are the basis of international shipping and trade.

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(3.) Automotive industry Now South Korea is the world's fifth largest automobile manufacturer, with a share of 5.4% of global production. Production began in the early 1960s, when the first five-year economic plan was adopted. Since then, the South Korean automobile industry has become one of the most important sectors of the economy, showing high growth rates. The country has five main enterprises producing automobile products - Hyundai Motor, Kia Motors, GM Daewoo Auto & Technology, SsangYong Motor Company and Renault Samsung Motors.

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(5.) Semiconductor Industry The semiconductor industry produces integrated circuits and semiconductor devices such as diodes and transistors. The semiconductor industry, especially the production of memory chips, played a key role in the country's economic recovery after the 1997 crisis. Until now, South Korea is the main manufacturer of memory chips in the world. Most of the exports go to developed countries: the USA, Japan, the European Union and the countries of Southeast Asia.

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(6.) Textile industry South Korea ranks fifth in the world in exports of textile products after China, Italy, Germany and the USA. The country is in seventh place in terms of production volume. Today, the textile industry in South Korea is quite developed. At the same time, it is mainly oriented towards export. Thus, thanks to local clothing enterprises, only one third of modern South Koreans get dressed; the rest prefer foreign brands. However, in other countries, clothes from South Korea are received with a bang and, for example, in 2001, the light industry brought more than 11 billion dollars to the treasury of this state.

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AGRICULTURE. Agriculture Until the 20th century, the country's main agricultural product was rice, but now the range of products has expanded significantly and includes many types of fruits, vegetables, livestock products and forestry products. The main agricultural product of South Korea is rice: about 80% of South Korean farms cultivate this cereal. Livestock is the second most profitable agricultural sector after rice. Fisheries are an important part of the South Korean

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Coat of arms republics Korea

Flag of the Republic of Korea

Motto: « 널리 인간 세계를 이롭게 하라 (To benefit humanity, 弘益人間 )»

Official language – Korean

Capital – Seoul

The largest city – Seoul

Form of government - Presidential republic

Territory – 107th in the world

Square - 99,392 km²

Population - 50,004,441 people

The working population makes up more than 55%, 52% are employed in the service sector, 27% of the working population is employed in industry, and 21% are employed in agriculture.

• Population of the Republic of Korea
• Koreans make up the absolute majority of the country's population. Small

(100 thousand) Chinese minority - mainly those who came to the country not directly from China, Hong Kong and Macau, but from Japan, Malaysia, India and the Philippines.

Lifespan: Average: 77.04 years men: 73.61 years women: 80.75 years (2006, estimate)

The mountain slopes of the East Korean Mountains are covered with mixed forests with a predominance of pine, spruce, oak, linden, poplar, maple, ash, elm, aspen and hornbeam. Also in these forests there are acacia, Manchurian walnut, velvet tree, tree trunks are entwined with vines, and ginseng grows in the undergrowth. The coastal plains are occupied by bamboo thickets, evergreen oaks, laurels and rice fields.

South Korea is a world leader in shipbuilding and the semiconductor industry, second in mobile phone production, fifth in automobile production, and sixth in the global steel industry.

• Science and education
• At the highest level, education and science in the country are handled by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Republic of Korea, formed in 2008 with the merger of the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Technology. The first national astronomical observatory was - Kung Hee Astronomical Observatory .

Until the 20th century, the country's main agricultural product was rice, but now the range of products has expanded significantly and includes many types of fruits, vegetables, livestock products and forestry products.

• The main agricultural product of South Korea is rice: about 80% of South Korean farms cultivate this cereal.

Livestock is the second most profitable agricultural sector after rice.

Fisheries are an important part of the South Korean economy.

Korea has an ancient,

rich culture.

The architecture of Korea has

long history.

Korean culture is so

rich and strong, that on

throughout history

countries influenced

and to neighboring countries,

For example, recently

time is growing and

gaining more strength

such a phenomenon

like the "Korean wave"

("hallyu"), thanks

which in neighboring

(and not only) countries

people learn more

about Korean culture,

Koreans are watching

films and TV series,

listening to Korean

music.

Korean cuisine is quite spicy, using spices and a lot of red pepper. The widespread use of pepper is explained by the fact that South Korea has a warm, humid climate, and pepper simply helps preserve food longer. In Korea, dog meat is highly consumed. As in the cuisines of neighboring eastern nations, the main food of Koreans is rice.

Korean cuisine has a lot in common with the other two most significant oriental cuisines -

Chinese and Japanese